20.1 Introduction 20.2 Eukaryotic RNA polymerases consist of many subunits 20.3 Promoter elements are defined by mutations and footprinting 20.4RNA polymerase I has a bipartite promoter 20.5 RNA polymerase Ill uses both downstream and upstream promoters 20.6 The startpoint for rna polymerase ll 20. 7TBPis a universal factor 20.8 TBP binds DNAin an unusual way 20.9 The basal apparatus assembles at the promoter 20.10 Initiation is followed by promoter clearance 20.11 Aconnection between transcription and repair 20.12 Promoters for RNa polymerase ll have short sequence elements 20.13 Some promoter-binding proteins are repressors 20.14 Enhancers contain bidirectional elements that assist initiation 20.15 Independent domains bind DNA and activate transcription 20.16 The two hybrid assay detects protein-protein interactions 20. 17 Interaction of upstream factors with the basal apparatus 消当20.1 Introduction 20.2 Eukaryotic RNA polymerases consist of many subunits 20.3 Promoter elements are defined by mutations and footprinting 20.4 RNA polymerase I has a bipartite promoter 20.5 RNA polymerase III uses both downstream and upstream promoters 20.6 The startpoint for RNA polymerase II 20.7 TBP is a universal factor 20.8 TBP binds DNA in an unusual way 20.9 The basal apparatus assembles at the promoter 20.10 Initiation is followed by promoter clearance 20.11 A connection between transcription and repair 20.12 Promoters for RNA polymerase II have short sequence elements 20.13 Some promoter-binding proteins are repressors 20.14 Enhancers contain bidirectional elements that assist initiation 20.15 Independent domains bind DNA and activate transcription 20.16 The two hybrid assay detects protein-protein interactions 20.17 Interaction of upstream factors with the basal apparatus