D0L:10.13374/.issn1001-053x.2013.08.008 第35卷第8期 北京科技大学学报 Vol.35 No.8 2013年8月 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Aug.2013 热处理工艺对NM500耐磨钢组织和力学性能的影 响 胡日荣，蔡庆伍，武会宾四，唐获 北京科技大学冶金工程研究院，北京100083 ☒通信作者，E-mail:wuhb@ustb.cdu.cn 摘要通过扫描电子显微镜，电子背散射衍射、透射电子显微镜以及力学分析等方法研究了在线淬火-回火(DQ-T)和 再加热淬火-回火(RQ-T)对NM5O0耐磨钢组织和性能的影响，并讨论了不同热处理工艺的强化机理.发现试样经过不 同的热处理工艺后在较高的强度下均能保持良好的韧性.由于位错密度的增加和更细的马氏体板条束尺寸，DQT试样 的抗拉强度和硬度明显高于RQT试样，但是强度的增加并没有造成韧性和塑性急剧的降低.再加热淬火温度对RQ-T 试样的强度影响较大，当淬火温度较低时，马氏体板条束得到细化，这种细晶强化作用有效地提高了Q-T试样的强度 关键词耐磨钢：淬火：微观结构：力学性能：晶粒细化：马氏体 分类号TG142.1:TG142.72 Heat treatment infuence on the microstructure and mechanical prop- erties of NM500 wear resistant steel HURi-rong,CAI Qing-u,WU Hui-bin凶，TANG Di Metallurgical Engineering Research Institute,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China Corresponding author,E-mail:wuhb@ustb.edu.cn ABSTRACT The effects of direct quenching-tempering (DQ-T)and reheat quenching-tempering(RQ-T)on the microstructure and mechanical properties of NM500 wear resistant steel were studied by scanning electron microscopy, electron back-scattered diffraction,transmission electron microscopy,and mechanical testing.The strengthening mecha- nisms of these heat treatment processes were also discussed in the paper.It is found that samples treated by DQ-T and RQ-T both have good ductility and high strength.The tensile strength and hardness of the DQ-T sample are superior to those of the RQ-T sample due to higher densities of dislocations and smaller sizes of martensite blocks,but the impact toughness and ductility of the DQ-T sample do not drop significantly.For the RQ-T sample,reheat quenching temperature has a remarkable effect on the strength,and fine blocks can be obtained when the quenching temperature is not high.This grain refinement strengthening can be an effective method to increase the strength of the RQ-T sample. KEY WORDS wear resistant steel;quenching;microstructure;mechanical properties;grain refinement;martensite 低合金耐磨钢广泛应用于采矿设备、矿物运 蒂森克虏伯公司能稳定生产硬度为500HBW以下 输、建筑机械以及农业等工程机械领域.研究表明， 的耐磨钢板，瑞钢奥克隆德悍达系列耐磨钢板的硬 材料的耐磨损性能与硬度和韧性密切相关.随着硬 度甚至能达到700HBW,而国内主要生产硬度400 度的提高，材料的耐磨损性能随之增强1-②习.通常 HBW以下的钢板，超过450HBW的产品还需依赖 情况下，耐磨钢主要通过合适的淬火-回火(Q-T)工 进口. 艺以获得强度和韧性的良好结合周.德国迪林根和 与传统的再加热淬火(RQ)相比，在线淬火 收稿日期：2012-12-03 基金项目：因家高技术研究发展计划资助项目(2012AA03A508)第 35 卷 第 8 期 北 京 科 技 大 学 学 报 Vol. 35 No. 8 2013 年 8 月 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Aug. 2013 热处理工艺对 NM500 耐磨钢组织和力学性能的影 响 胡日荣，蔡庆伍，武会宾 ，唐 荻 北京科技大学冶金工程研究院，北京 100083 通信作者，E-mail: wuhb@ustb.edu.cn 摘 要 通过扫描电子显微镜，电子背散射衍射、透射电子显微镜以及力学分析等方法研究了在线淬火–回火 (DQ-T) 和 再加热淬火–回火 (RQ-T) 对 NM500 耐磨钢组织和性能的影响，并讨论了不同热处理工艺的强化机理. 发现试样经过不 同的热处理工艺后在较高的强度下均能保持良好的韧性. 由于位错密度的增加和更细的马氏体板条束尺寸，DQ-T 试样 的抗拉强度和硬度明显高于 RQ-T 试样，但是强度的增加并没有造成韧性和塑性急剧的降低. 再加热淬火温度对 RQ-T 试样的强度影响较大，当淬火温度较低时，马氏体板条束得到细化，这种细晶强化作用有效地提高了 RQ-T 试样的强度. 关键词 耐磨钢；淬火；微观结构；力学性能；晶粒细化；马氏体 分类号 TG142.1; TG142.72 Heat treatment influence on the microstructure and mechanical prop￾erties of NM500 wear resistant steel HU Ri-rong, CAI Qing-wu, WU Hui-bin , TANG Di Metallurgical Engineering Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China Corresponding author, E-mail: wuhb@ustb.edu.cn ABSTRACT The effects of direct quenching-tempering (DQ-T) and reheat quenching-tempering (RQ-T) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of NM500 wear resistant steel were studied by scanning electron microscopy, electron back-scattered diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and mechanical testing. The strengthening mecha￾nisms of these heat treatment processes were also discussed in the paper. It is found that samples treated by DQ-T and RQ-T both have good ductility and high strength. The tensile strength and hardness of the DQ-T sample are superior to those of the RQ-T sample due to higher densities of dislocations and smaller sizes of martensite blocks, but the impact toughness and ductility of the DQ-T sample do not drop significantly. For the RQ-T sample, reheat quenching temperature has a remarkable effect on the strength, and fine blocks can be obtained when the quenching temperature is not high. This grain refinement strengthening can be an effective method to increase the strength of the RQ-T sample. KEY WORDS wear resistant steel; quenching; microstructure; mechanical properties; grain refinement; martensite 低合金耐磨钢广泛应用于采矿设备、矿物运 输、建筑机械以及农业等工程机械领域. 研究表明， 材料的耐磨损性能与硬度和韧性密切相关. 随着硬 度的提高，材料的耐磨损性能随之增强[1−2] . 通常 情况下，耐磨钢主要通过合适的淬火–回火 (Q-T) 工 艺以获得强度和韧性的良好结合[3] . 德国迪林根和 蒂森克虏伯公司能稳定生产硬度为 500 HBW 以下 的耐磨钢板，瑞钢奥克隆德悍达系列耐磨钢板的硬 度甚至能达到 700 HBW，而国内主要生产硬度 400 HBW 以下的钢板，超过 450 HBW 的产品还需依赖 进口[4] . 与传统的再加热淬火 (RQ) 相比，在线淬火 收稿日期：2012–12–03 基金项目：国家高技术研究发展计划资助项目 (2012AA03A508) DOI:10.13374/j.issn1001-053x.2013.08.008