上游文通大学 SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY 2.1 Functional Elements of an Instrument Measured Quantity Measured Primary Variable Variable Medium Sensing Conversion Manipulation (Energy) Element Element Element Manipulation means specifically a change in numerical value according to some definite rule but a preservation of the physical- nature of the variable. e.g.,an electronic amplifier Functional Elements in an Instrument 上游文通大学 SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY 2.1 Functional Elements of an Instrument Measured Quantity Measured Primary Variable Variable Data Medium Sensing Conversion > Manipulation Transmission (Energy) Element Element Element Element This element is used to transfer data in between physically separated elements Functional Elements in an Instrument2.1 Functional Elements of an Instrument Variable Conversion Element Variable Manipulation Element Functional Elements in an Instrument Measured Quantity Primary Sensing Element Measured Medium (Energy) Manipulation means specifically a change in numerical value according to some definite rule but a preservation of the physical nature of the variable. e.g. , an electronic amplifier 2.1 Functional Elements of an Instrument Variable Conversion Element Variable Manipulation Element Data Transmission Element Functional Elements in an Instrument Measured Quantity Primary Sensing Element Measured Medium (Energy) This element is used to transfer data in between physically separated elements