Hours(H) Mark(M) Data 9 15 25 69 14 6 0 5 18 75 0 3 16 85 5 42 19 0 16 66 20 80 Totals 167 749 Averages 13.92 62.42 Covariance: H M (H:- ) |(M:-M)(H:-i)M:-) 39 -4.92 -23.42 115.23 15 1.08 -6.42 -6.93 25 93 11.08 30.58 338.83 14 61 0.08 -1.42 -0.11 10 50 -3.92 -12.42 48.69 18 75 4.08 12.58 51.33 0 32 -13.92 -30.42 423.45 16 85 2.08 22.58 46.97 5 42 -8.92 -20.42 182.15 19 70 5.08 7.58 38.51 16 66 2.08 3.58 7.45 20 80 6.08 17.58 106.89 Total 1149.89 Average 104.54 Table 2.2:2-dimensional data set and covariance calculation 7Hours(H) Mark(M) Data 9 39 15 56 25 93 14 61 10 50 18 75 0 32 16 85 5 42 19 70 16 66 20 80 Totals 167 749 Averages 13.92 62.42 Covariance: ❍ ■ ✵❍✧ ✲ ✤❍ ✷ ✵■✧ ✲ ✤■✷ ✵❍✧ ✲ ✤❍ ✷ ✵■✧ ✲ ✤■✷ 9 39 -4.92 -23.42 115.23 15 56 1.08 -6.42 -6.93 25 93 11.08 30.58 338.83 14 61 0.08 -1.42 -0.11 10 50 -3.92 -12.42 48.69 18 75 4.08 12.58 51.33 0 32 -13.92 -30.42 423.45 16 85 2.08 22.58 46.97 5 42 -8.92 -20.42 182.15 19 70 5.08 7.58 38.51 16 66 2.08 3.58 7.45 20 80 6.08 17.58 106.89 Total 1149.89 Average 104.54 Table 2.2: 2-dimensional data set and covariance calculation 7