5. Birth defect Birth defects are defined as abnormalities of structure, function, or body metabolism that are present at birth 6. MERRF Myoclonic Epilepsy; Ragged Red Fibers, mtDNA point mutations CNS including: Myoclonus, Epilepsy 7. Susceptibility Risk of complex disease which determined by genes 8. FISH Fluorescence in situ hybridization Section B Short-answer questions(25%) 1. Explain the classification of spina bifida and describe the symptoms Spina bifida is a birth defect that involves the incomplete development of the spinal cord or its coverings. The term spina bifida comes from latin and literally means"split"or open"spine spina bifida occulta meningocele rachischisis5. Birth defect Birth defects are defined as abnormalities of structure, function, or body metabolism that are present at birth. 6. MERRF Myoclonic Epilepsy; Ragged Red Fibers, mtDNA point mutations CNS including: Myoclonus ,Epilepsy.. 7. Susceptibility Risk of complex disease which determined by genes. 8. FISH Fluorescence in situ hybridization Section B Short-answer questions (25%) 1. Explain the classification of Spina bifida and describe the symptoms. Spina bifida is a birth defect that involves the incomplete development of the spinal cord or its coverings. The term spina bifida comes from Latin and literally means "split" or "open" spine. spina bifida occulta meningocele rachischisis