Essential Parts of the Diffractometer X-ray Tube:the source of X Rays Incident-beam optics:condition the X-ray beam before it hits the sample The goniometer:the platform that holds and moves the sample,optics,detector,and/or tube The sample sample holder e Receiving-side optics:condition the X-ray beam after it has encountered the sample Detector:count the number of X Rays scattered by the sample