Extremophiles A vast number of extremophiles belong to the Archaea.Some Archaea live near rift vents in the deep sea at temperatures well over 100.C. Others live in hot springs,or in extremely alkaline or acid waters.More recently, scientists have also found bacteria in these extreme environments.Indeed,the ratio of thermophilic bacteria to Archaea was 50 to 1 in a range of samples taken from Yellowstone Park's Obsidian Pool。 Extremophiles • A vast number of extremophiles belong to the Archaea. Some Archaea live near rift vents in the deep sea at temperatures well over 100℃. Others live in hot springs, or in extremely alkaline or acid waters. More recently, scientists have also found bacteria in these extreme environments. Indeed, the ratio of thermophilic bacteria to Archaea was 50 to 1 in a range of samples taken from Yellowstone Park’s Obsidian Pool