WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Health in 2015: from MDGs, Millennium Development Goals to SDGs, Sustainable Development Goals. 1. Global Health. 2. Health Priorities. 3. Conservation of Natural Resources. 4.Organizational Objectives. 1. World Health Organization. SBN97892415650 (NLM classification: WA 530) o World Health Organization 2015 AllrightsreservedPublicationsoftheWorldHealthOrganizationareavailableontheWhowebsite(www.who.int)orcanbepurchasedfromWhoPress,World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, IZI Geneva 27, Switzerland(tel +41227913264: fax +41227914857 email: bookorders @who. int) Requests for permission to reproduce or translate WHO publications-whether for sale or for non-commercial distribution -should be addressed to WHO Press throughtheWhowebsite(www.whoint/about/licensing/copyright_form/en/indexhtml) The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization conceming the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or conceming the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. and dashed lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers'products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial pital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by the World Health Organization to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader. In no event shall the World Health Organization be liable for damages arising from its use Design and layout by LTV Com Sarl, Villars-sous-Yens, Switzerland. Printed in france ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The principal authors of this report are Ties Boerma, Colin Mathers, Carla Abou Zahr, Somnath Chatterji, Daniel Hogan and Gretchen Stevens, assisted by Wahyu Retno Mahanani, Jessica Ho, Florence Rusciano and Gary Humphreys All chapters are based on contributions from WHO departments, programmes and partnerships, as well as other United Nations agencies and academic institutions, with specific contributions from Jonathan Abrahams, Heather Adair-Rohani, Najeeb al-Shorbaji, Valentina Baltag, Shannon Barkley, John Beard, Nicole Bergen, Douglas Bettcher, Michel Beusenberg, Ann Biddlecom, Monika Blossner, Elaine borghi, Cynthia Boschi Pinto, Bela Bovy, Rick Brennan, Sylvie Briand, Alexander Butchart, James Campbell, Diarmid Campbell-Lendrum, Andrew Cassels, Jorge Castilla, Daniel Chisholm, Doris Chou, Richard Cibulskis, Giorgio Cometto, Alison Commar, Marilys Corbex, Melanie Cowan, Bernadette Daelmans, Cornelis de Joncheere, Carlos Dora, Tarun Dua, Chris Dye, Tessa Edejer, David Evans, Majid Ezzati Cristin Fergus, Jane Ferguson, Christopher Fitzpatrick, Alexandra Fleischmann, Katherine Floyd, Silvia Franceschi, Claudia Garcia-Moreno, Abdul Ghaffar, Philippe Glaziou, Andre Griekspoor, Michael Gruber, Laurence Grummer-Strawn, Michelle Hindin, Rifat Hossain, Ahmad Reza Hosseinpoor, Justine Hsu, Hamid Jafari, Rick Johnston, Sowmya Kadandale, Rania Kawar, Edward Kelley, Ron Kessler, Marie-Paule Kieny, ROdiger Krech, Joseph Kutzin, Jeremy Lauer, Katherine Lofgren, Belinda Loring, Daniel Low-Beer, Blerta Maliqi, Matthews Mathai, David Meddings, Christopher Mikton, I Jaime Miranda, Nirmala Naidoo, Lori Newman, Margaret Peden, Vladimir Poznyak, Amit Prasad, Annette Pruss-Ustun, Mario Raviglione, Dag Rekve, Leanne Riley, Gojka Roglic, Alex Ross, David Ross, Nancy Sampson, Shekhar Saxena, Lale Say, Anne Schlotheuber, Gerard Schmets, Amani Siyam, Shams Syed, Tibor Szilagyi, Tamitza Toroyan, Edouard Tursan D'Espaignet, Nicole Valentine, Meindert Onno Van Hilten, Cherian Varghese, Eugenio Villar Montesinos, Joanna Vogel, Milton Were, Teodora Wi, Stefan Wiktor.WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Health in 2015: from MDGs, Millennium Development Goals to SDGs, Sustainable Development Goals. 1.Global Health. 2. Health Priorities. 3.Conservation of Natural Resources. 4.Organizational Objectives. I.World Health Organization. ISBN 978 92 4 156511 0 (NLM classification: WA 530) © World Health Organization 2015 All rights reserved. Publications of the World Health Organization are available on the WHO website (www.who.int) or can be purchased from WHO Press, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland (tel.: +41 22 791 3264; fax: +41 22 791 4857; email: bookorders@who.int). Requests for permission to reproduce or translate WHO publications – whether for sale or for non-commercial distribution – should be addressed to WHO Press through the WHO website (www.who.int/about/licensing/copyright_form/en/index.html). The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted and dashed lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by the World Health Organization to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader. In no event shall the World Health Organization be liable for damages arising from its use. Design and layout by L’IV Com Sàrl, Villars-sous-Yens, Switzerland. Printed in France. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The principal authors of this report are Ties Boerma, Colin Mathers, Carla AbouZahr, Somnath Chatterji, Daniel Hogan and Gretchen Stevens, assisted by Wahyu Retno Mahanani, Jessica Ho, Florence Rusciano and Gary Humphreys. All chapters are based on contributions from WHO departments, programmes and partnerships, as well as other United Nations agencies and academic institutions, with specific contributions from Jonathan Abrahams, Heather Adair-Rohani, Najeeb al-Shorbaji, Valentina Baltag, Shannon Barkley, John Beard, Nicole Bergen, Douglas Bettcher, Michel Beusenberg, Ann Biddlecom, Monika Blössner, Elaine Borghi, Cynthia Boschi Pinto, Bela Bovy, Rick Brennan, Sylvie Briand, Alexander Butchart, James Campbell, Diarmid Campbell-Lendrum, Andrew Cassels, Jorge Castilla, Daniel Chisholm, Doris Chou, Richard Cibulskis, Giorgio Cometto, Alison Commar, Marilys Corbex, Melanie Cowan, Bernadette Daelmans, Cornelis de Joncheere, Carlos Dora, Tarun Dua, Chris Dye, Tessa Edejer, David Evans, Majid Ezzati, Cristin Fergus, Jane Ferguson, Christopher Fitzpatrick, Alexandra Fleischmann, Katherine Floyd, Silvia Franceschi, Claudia Garcia-Moreno, Abdul Ghaffar, Philippe Glaziou, Andre Griekspoor, Michael Gruber, Laurence Grummer-Strawn, Michelle Hindin, Rifat Hossain, Ahmad Reza Hosseinpoor, Justine Hsu, Hamid Jafari, Rick Johnston, Sowmya Kadandale, Rania Kawar, Edward Kelley, Ron Kessler, Marie-Paule Kieny, Rüdiger Krech, Joseph Kutzin, Jeremy Lauer, Katherine Lofgren, Belinda Loring, Daniel Low-Beer, Blerta Maliqi, Matthews Mathai, David Meddings, Christopher Mikton, J. Jaime Miranda, Nirmala Naidoo, Lori Newman, Margaret Peden, Vladimir Poznyak, Amit Prasad, Annette Prüss-Ustün, Mario Raviglione, Dag Rekve, Leanne Riley, Gojka Roglic, Alex Ross, David Ross, Nancy Sampson, Shekhar Saxena, Lale Say, Anne Schlotheuber, Gerard Schmets, Amani Siyam, Shams Syed, Tibor Szilagyi, Tamitza Toroyan, Edouard Tursan D’Espaignet, Nicole Valentine, Meindert Onno Van Hilten, Cherian Varghese, Eugenio Villar Montesinos, Joanna Vogel, Milton Were, Teodora Wi, Stefan Wiktor