Deterministic ray models (2/3) 。 Sometimes beams(tubes of flux)instead of"real"rays are considered.Rays have a null transverse dimension.Beams have a finite transverse dimension and therefore a space discretization is adopteda limit to space resolution is posed. Models adopting rays are usually referred to as Ray Tracing(RT)models. Models adopting beams are usually referred to as Ray (or beam)Launching(RL) models Ray models require in input a detailed description of the environment (environment database) Usually two different computation steps can be identified:geometric ray tracing and field computation.The former is by far the most CPU-time consuming Env.database geometric Field Results... Antenna data and other RT Comp. param. 3Env. database geometric RT Field Comp. Results… • Sometimes beams (tubes of flux) instead of “real” rays are considered. Rays have a null transverse dimension. Beams have a finite transverse dimension and therefore a space discretization is adopted  a limit to space resolution is posed. • Models adopting rays are usually referred to as Ray Tracing (RT) models. Models adopting beams are usually referred to as Ray (or beam) Launching (RL) models • Ray models require in input a detailed description of the environment (environment database) • Usually two different computation steps can be identified: geometric ray tracing and field computation. The former is by far the most CPU-time consuming Deterministic ray models (2/3) Antenna data and other param. 3