L7 Discussion and the Discussion Conclusion The lack of...means that we cannot be certain.... If it is unnecessary to comment on your work in either of the two ways,an alternative is to place the limitation in an opening phrase. Notwithstanding its limitations,its study does suggest... Despite its preliminary character,the research reported here would seem to indicate… However exploratory,this study may offer some insight into.... IV.Language Focus: 1.Strength of Claim Two requirements for your claim: to be cautious critical about data to qualify moderate a claim indicate your stance toward your claim 1.1 Evaluating the strength of claims Ex.7-4 Evaluate the strength of each of the alternatives on the basis of the statement: Many studies have concluded that excessive credit growth the global financial crisis a.contributed to b.caused c.may have contributed to d.was probably a major cause of e.was one of the causes of f.might have been a factor in Strong→Weak: 1.2 Moderating/Qualifying a claim 。Likelihood The use of a modal auxiliary Notice the degree of strength cautiousness in the following expressions: A.Word-of-mouth advertising influences a consumer's incentive B. Word-of-mouth advertising can influence to purchase. C. Word-of-mouth advertising could influence D. Word-of-mouth advertising may influence E.Word-of-mouth advertising might influence The use ofweakening expressions How does the strength vary in degree in the following sets? A.It is clear that word-of-mouth advertising B.It is rather clear that influences a consumer's C.It is very probable/highly likely that incentive to purchase. D.It is probable/likely that E. It is possible that F.It is unlikely that 4/12L7 Discussion and the Discussion & Conclusion 4 / 12 The lack of ... means that we cannot be certain .... If it is unnecessary to comment on your work in either of the two ways, an alternative is to place the limitation in an opening phrase. Notwithstanding its limitations, its study does suggest .... Despite its preliminary character, the research reported here would seem to indicate .... However exploratory, this study may offer some insight into .... IV. Language Focus: 1. Strength of Claim Two requirements for your claim: to be cautious / critical about data to qualify / moderate a claim & indicate your stance toward your claim 1.1 Evaluating the strength of claims Ex. 7-4 Evaluate the strength of each of the alternatives on the basis of the statement: Many studies have concluded that excessive credit growth the global financial crisis. a. contributed to b. caused c. may have contributed to d. was probably a major cause of e. was one of the causes of f. might have been a factor in Strong Weak: 1.2 Moderating / Qualifying a claim  Likelihood The use of a modal auxiliary Notice the degree of strength / cautiousness in the following expressions: A. Word-of-mouth advertising influences B. Word-of-mouth advertising can influence C. Word-of-mouth advertising could influence D. Word-of-mouth advertising may influence E. Word-of-mouth advertising might influence a consumer’s incentive to purchase. The use of weakening expressions How does the strength vary in degree in the following sets? A. It is clear that B. It is rather clear that C. It is very probable / highly likely that D. It is probable / likely that E. It is possible that F. It is unlikely that word-of-mouth advertising influences a consumer’s incentive to purchase