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工程科学学报,第37卷,第12期:1575-1580,2015年12月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.37,No.12:1575-1580,December 2015 D0l:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2015.12.007:http://journals..ustb.edu.cn 搅拌摩擦加工IF钢的组织性能 赵 凯”,王快社)区,郝亚鑫2》,王文”,徐瑞琦” 1)西安建筑科技大学治金工程学院,西安7100552)西部钛业有限责任公司,西安710201 ☒通信作者,E-mail:wangkuaishe888@126.com 摘要对3mm厚的DC04冷轧F钢板进行搅拌摩擦加工,研究加工区域的微观组织与力学性能.在旋转速度为950r· min,加工速度为60mm'min时,采用加工后强制冷却技术可获得光滑平整且没有缺陷的加工表面.搅拌摩擦加工后组织 显著细化,加工中心的平均显微硬度约为HV135.6,是母材硬度的1.4倍,表面细晶层硬度最高可达到HV312.8,细晶层和 过渡层的抗拉强度分别比母材的抗拉强度提高50.9%和47.6%,加工前后试样的拉伸断口均呈微孔聚合韧性断裂特征.细 晶强化对材料抗拉强度的提高起主要作用. 关键词F钢:搅拌摩擦加工:显微组织;力学性能 分类号TG142.1 Microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir processed IF steel ZHAO Kai),WANG Kuai-she,HAO Ya-xin2),WANG Wen,XU Rui-qi) 1)School of Metallurgical Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China 2)Western TitaniumTechnologies Co.,Ltd.Xi'an 710201,China Corresponding author,E-mail:wangkuaishe888@126.com ABSTRACT Friction stir processing was applied to cool-rolled DC04 IF steel plates with a thickness of 3mm,and the microstructure and mechanical properties of the processed zone were investigated.A defect-free specimen with a shiny and smooth surface is fabrica- ted at a tool rotation rate of 950rminand a travel speed of 60mmminusing additional forced cooling technology after processing. A fine equiaxed grain structure can be obtained in the processed zone,which causes a higher hardness of HV 135.6,1.4 times as large as the base metal at the center of the processed zone,and the highest hardness of HV 312.8 in the surface.The ultimate tensile strength of processed samples with and without the surface fine-grained layer increases by 50.9%and 47.6%compared to that of the base material,respectively.The both fracture surfaces of samples before and after friction stir processing exhibit dimple ductile fracture characterization.Grain refinement is considered to be the main reason for improving the ultimate tensile strength. KEY WORDS IF steel:friction stir processing:microstructure;mechanical properties 近年来,随着国民经济特别是汽车工业的发展,对性的有效方法,制备新一代的细晶钢铁材料已成为国 钢铁材料提出超细晶、高洁净度、高均匀性等新要 内外学者研究的热点.为此,细晶材料制备技术一 求0,无间隙原子钢((niti-free steel,简称F钢) 强烈塑性变形法(severe plastic deformation,SPD)得到 以其超低的碳氮含量和优异的深冲性能,已经作为第 迅速发展,诸如等径弯曲通道变形(equal channel angu- 三代超深冲用钢在汽车工业中得到迅猛发展,因此开 lar pressing,ECAP)、高压扭转(high pressure and tor- 发满足21世纪汽车工业发展的超深冲高强F钢具有 sion,HPT)、累积叠轧(accumulative roll bonding,ARB) 重要意义冈.研究表明细化晶粒是提高材料综合强塑 和多向锻造(multiple forging,MF).基于搅拌摩擦焊 收稿日期:2015-06-08 基金项目:国家自然科学基金联合基金资助项目(U1360105)工程科学学报,第 37 卷,第 12 期: 1575--1580,2015 年 12 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol. 37,No. 12: 1575--1580,December 2015 DOI: 10. 13374 /j. issn2095--9389. 2015. 12. 007; http: / /journals. ustb. edu. cn 搅拌摩擦加工 IF 钢的组织性能 赵 凯1) ,王快社1) ,郝亚鑫1,2) ,王 文1) ,徐瑞琦1) 1) 西安建筑科技大学冶金工程学院,西安 710055 2) 西部钛业有限责任公司,西安 710201  通信作者,E-mail: wangkuaishe888@ 126. com 摘 要 对 3 mm 厚的 DC04 冷轧 IF 钢板进行搅拌摩擦加工,研究加工区域的微观组织与力学性能. 在旋转速度为 950 r· min - 1,加工速度为 60 mm·min - 1时,采用加工后强制冷却技术可获得光滑平整且没有缺陷的加工表面. 搅拌摩擦加工后组织 显著细化,加工中心的平均显微硬度约为 HV 135. 6,是母材硬度的 1. 4 倍,表面细晶层硬度最高可达到 HV 312. 8,细晶层和 过渡层的抗拉强度分别比母材的抗拉强度提高 50. 9% 和 47. 6% ,加工前后试样的拉伸断口均呈微孔聚合韧性断裂特征. 细 晶强化对材料抗拉强度的提高起主要作用. 关键词 IF 钢; 搅拌摩擦加工; 显微组织; 力学性能 分类号 TG142. 1 Microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir processed IF steel ZHAO Kai1) ,WANG Kuai-she1)  ,HAO Ya-xin1,2) ,WANG Wen1) ,XU Rui-qi1) 1) School of Metallurgical Engineering,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China 2) Western TitaniumTechnologies Co. ,Ltd. ,Xi’an 710201,China  Corresponding author,E-mail: wangkuaishe888@ 126. com ABSTRACT Friction stir processing was applied to cool-rolled DC04 IF steel plates with a thickness of 3 mm,and the microstructure and mechanical properties of the processed zone were investigated. A defect-free specimen with a shiny and smooth surface is fabrica￾ted at a tool rotation rate of 950 r·min - 1 and a travel speed of 60 mm·min - 1 using additional forced cooling technology after processing. A fine equiaxed grain structure can be obtained in the processed zone,which causes a higher hardness of HV 135. 6,1. 4 times as large as the base metal at the center of the processed zone,and the highest hardness of HV 312. 8 in the surface. The ultimate tensile strength of processed samples with and without the surface fine-grained layer increases by 50. 9% and 47. 6% compared to that of the base material,respectively. The both fracture surfaces of samples before and after friction stir processing exhibit dimple ductile fracture characterization. Grain refinement is considered to be the main reason for improving the ultimate tensile strength. KEY WORDS IF steel; friction stir processing; microstructure; mechanical properties 收稿日期: 2015--06--08 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金联合基金资助项目( U1360105) 近年来,随着国民经济特别是汽车工业的发展,对 钢铁材 料 提 出 超 细 晶、高 洁 净 度、高均匀性等新要 求[1],无间隙原子钢( interstitial-free steel,简称 IF 钢) 以其超低的碳氮含量和优异的深冲性能,已经作为第 三代超深冲用钢在汽车工业中得到迅猛发展,因此开 发满足 21 世纪汽车工业发展的超深冲高强 IF 钢具有 重要意义[2]. 研究表明细化晶粒是提高材料综合强塑 性的有效方法,制备新一代的细晶钢铁材料已成为国 内外学者研究的热点[3--4]. 为此,细晶材料制备技术-- 强烈塑性变形法( severe plastic deformation,SPD) 得到 迅速发展,诸如等径弯曲通道变形( equal channel angu￾lar pressing,ECAP) 、高 压 扭 转( high pressure and tor￾sion,HPT) 、累积叠轧( accumulative roll bonding,ARB) 和多向锻造( multiple forging,MF) [5]. 基于搅拌摩擦焊
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