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Hess ay but also20 on the fragile emotions of patients and their families I learned that to do full justice to2 my interests in science urgery, and research, I had to apply myself not merely to curing, but also22 to caring My stress on the human dimension of science remained dimension/ mportant as I left my surgical career to become the United方面,因素 States Surgeon General23. As surgeon general I always seemed to be issuing a"Surgeon Generals Warning" about one thing after another that threatened the health of the American people cigarettes, smokeless tobacco24, AIDS. Reye's syndrome 25, syndrome/ violence. and a host of26 others. In each case I had to be certain able to withstand the critics who sought to dismiss the无错误的,正确的" that the science behind the health warning was impeccable and impeccable withstand /vt warnings. But I also needed to ensure that the science made Exf sense on a personal level. I had to listen to the American peop \e评论/n批评家 as well as to talk( (sternly) to them.Also, I wanted to be certain评论家 sternly /ad.严厉 that my message reached the most vulnerable, often those #t high-risk groups living poverty on the fringes of this fringe/ /n.边缘 affluent affluent and sometimes overconfident society /a.富 At the end of the 20th century the scientific research community has done wonders to fulfill med icine's historic prolong//vtTE goals of prolonging life and alleviating suffering. Almost every k day we read about a new scientific breakthrough that provides a轻痛苦等) cure for this, relief for that, and new hope for millions of people breakthroughoften being forced to invent new operations as we encountered congenital abnormalities in newborns that had never before been corrected surgically14 . Although we were serving primarily as doctors attempting to bring healing and comfort to our tiny patients and their worried families, we were, at the same time, scientists pushing the surgical frontier into the unknown, all the while15 documenting our hard-won surgical successes. By performing thousands of new and then routine operations, through surgical research, published articles, and innovations in science, pediatric surgery eventually became an established surgical specialty. In those operations that were particularly difficult to perform on newborns, in the brief 40-year span of my surgical career I witnessed a mortality rate16 of 95% become a survival rate17 of 95% thanks to18 the progress made in pediatric surgery. In addition I learned that for19 all of its reliance on science, medicine is also an art. I learned that pediatric surgery requires a gentle touch, not just on the fragile tissue of an infant’s body, but also20 on the fragile emotions of patients and their families. I learned that to do full justice to21 my interests in science, surgery, and research, I had to apply myself not merely to curing, but also22 to caring. My stress on the human dimension of science remained important as I left my surgical career to become the United States Surgeon General23 . As surgeon general I always seemed to be issuing a “Surgeon General’s Warning” about one thing after another that threatened the health of the American people: cigarettes, smokeless tobacco24 , AIDS. Reye’s syndrome25 , violence, and a host of26 others. In each case I had to be certain that the science behind the health warning was impeccable and able to withstand the critics who sought to dismiss the warnings. But I also needed to ensure that27 the science made sense on a personal level. I had to listen to the American people as well as to talk (sternly) to them. Also, I wanted to be certain that my message reached the most vulnerable28, often those high-risk groups29 living in poverty on the fringes of this affluent and sometimes overconfident society. At the end of the 20th century the scientific research community30 has done wonders31 to fulfill medicine’s historic goals of prolonging life and alleviating suffering. Almost every day we read about a new scientific breakthrough that provides a cure for this, relief for that, and new hope for millions of people congenital / / a. 先天的 abnormality / / n. 异常 newborn / / n. 新生儿 document / / vt. 用文献(文章)证明 routine / / a. 常 规的, 日常的 innovation / / n. 创新 pediatric / / a. 儿科的 specialty / / n. 专业 reliance / / n. 依靠 fragile / / a. 脆弱的 dimension / / n. 方面, 因素 syndrome / / n. 综合病症 impeccable / / a. 无错误的，正确的 withstand / / vt. 反对, critic / / n. 批评家, 评论家 sternly / / ad. 严厉 地 fringe / / n. 边缘 affluent / / a. 富 裕的 prolong / / vt. 延 长 alleviate / / vt. 减 轻(痛苦等) breakthrough / /