人类学学报 23卷 vation of Culture Heritage of the Ministry of Youth, Sports and Culture)Middle Awash Project X Tim Whie教授 Berhane asfaw博士等为作者观察研究Bod头骨化石提供了方便。对此作者谨 致谢意。 参考文献 [1]董兴仁中国的直立人[A]见:吴汝康吴新智张森水编中国远古人类北京:科学出版社,19899-23 [2]吴新智.中国的早期智人[A]见:吴汝康吴新智张森水编中国远古人类北京:科学出版社,1989,24-41 [3 Cark JD, de Hermelin J, Schick et al. Afncan Homo erecti: old radometnc ages and young Oldowan assemblages in the middle Awash Valley, Ethiopia []. Science, 1994, 264: 1907-1910 [4J Asaw B, Glbert WH, Beyene Y et al. Remains of Homo erects from Bouri Middle Awash, BhiopiaJJ]. Nature 2002, 416: 317- [5]吴新智,G布罗厄尔中国和非洲古老型智人颅骨特征的比较卩]人类学学报,1994,13(2)93-103 [6 Rightmire GP. Human evolution in the Middle Pleistocene: the role of Hono heide[J]- Evolu Anthropol, 1998, 6: 218- [7 Conroy GC Jolly @, Cramer D ef al. Newly disoovered fossil hominid skull fiom the Afar depression, Ethiopia[J]. Nature, 1978 76:67-70 [8JAsaw B. A new hominid parietal from Bod, middle Awash Valley, BhiopiaJ-AmJ Phys Anthropol, 1983, 61: 367-371 [9]Rightmire GP. The human cranium fiom Bod, Ehiopia: evidence for speciation in the Middle Pleistocene[J?J Hum Evol, 1996 31 [0J Johanson D, Edgar B From Lucy to Language[ M]. New York: Nevraumont Publishing Company, 1996, 194-195 [11] Conroy (C, Weber Gw, Seidler H ef al. Endbcranial capacity of the Bodb craniumdetermined from three-dimensonal computed to ography[J].Am J Phys Anthropol 2000, 113: 1117-18 12] Shen G, Ku T, Cheng H ef al. High precision U-series dating of locality I at Zhoukoudian, China[J). J Hum Evol 2001, 41: 679 [13]Zhao JX, Hu K, Collerson KD et al. Thermal ionization mass spectrometry Useries dating of a hominid site near Nanjing, ChinapJ] geology,200129(1):27-30. [4]吴新智中国远古人类的进化口].人类学学报,19909(4):312-32 [5]刘武, mma bua,吴秀杰非洲和中国直立人某些颅骨特征的比较—中国与非洲人类头骨特征对比之一[J1.人类 学学报,2002,21(4):255-267 THE COMPARISONS BETWEEN THE MIDDLE PL EISTOCENE HUMAN CRANIUM FROM BODO. ETHIOPIA AND THE HOMO ERECTUS OF ZHOUKOUDIAN LIU Wu, WU Xiurjie, ZHANG Yiyun (1. Institute d Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy d Sciences, Beijing 100044 2. Graduate School, Chinese Academy d Sciences, Beiing 100039) Abstract: The cranium found at bodo of Middle Awash area in Ethiopia is derived fom Middle pleis tocene deposits with the age about 0. 6 Ma. The Bod cranium is the most complete and oldest middle Pleistocene human fossil ever found in the world. Because both the morphological features of Homo 201994-2006ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreservedhttp://www.cnkivation of Culture Heritage of the Ministry of Youth ,Sports and Culture) 、Middle Awash Project 及 Tim White 教授、Berhane Asfaw 博士等为作者观察研究 Bodo 头骨化石提供了方便。对此作者谨 致谢意。 参考文献 : [ 1 ] 董兴仁. 中国的直立人[A] . 见 :吴汝康 吴新智 张森水编. 中国远古人类. 北京 :科学出版社 ,1989 ,9 —23. [ 2 ] 吴新智. 中国的早期智人[A] . 见 :吴汝康 吴新智 张森水编. 中国远古人类. 北京 :科学出版社 ,1989 ,24 —41. [ 3 ] Clark JD ,de Heinzelin J ,Schick et al. African Homo erectus : old radiometric ages and young Oldowan assemblages in the middle Awash Valley ,Ethiopia[J ] . Science ,1994 ,264 :1907 —1910. [ 4 ] Asfaw B ,Gilbert WH ,Beyene Y et al. Remains of Homo erectus from Bouri ,Middle Awash ,Ethiopia[J ] . Nature ,2002 ,416 :317 — 320. [ 5 ] 吴新智 ,G. 布罗厄尔. 中国和非洲古老型智人颅骨特征的比较[J ] . 人类学学报 ,1994 ,13(2) :93 —103. [ 6 ] Rightmire GP. Human evolution in the Middle Pleistocene : the role of Homo heidelbergensis[J ] . Evolu Anthropol ,1998 ,6 :218 — 227. [ 7 ] Conroy GC ,Jolly CJ ,Cramer D et al. Newly discovered fossil hominid skull from the Afar depression , Ethiopia[J ] . Nature ,1978 , 276 :67 —70. [ 8 ] Asfaw B. A new hominid parietal from Bodo ,middle Awash Valley ,Ethiopia[J ] . Am J Phys Anthropol ,1983 ,61 :367 —371. [ 9 ] Rightmire GP. The human cranium from Bodo ,Ethiopia : evidence for speciation in the Middle Pleistocene[J ] ?J Hum Evol ,1996 , 31 :21 —39. [10 ] Johanson D , Edgar B. From Lucy to Language[M] . New York : Nevraumont Publishing Company ,1996 ,194 —195. [11 ] Conroy GC ,Weber GW ,Seidler H et al. Endocranial capacity of the Bodo craniumdetermined from three2dimensional computed to2 mography[J ] . Am J Phys Anthropol ,2000 ,113 :1117 —118. [12 ] Shen G,Ku T ,Cheng H et al. High precision U2series dating of locality 1 at Zhoukoudian ,China[J ] .J Hum Evol ,2001 ,41 :679 — 688. [13 ] Zhao JX ,Hu K,Collerson KD et al. Thermal ionization mass spectrometry U2series dating of a hominid site near Nanjing ,China[J ] . Geology ,2001 ,29 (1) :27 —30. [14 ] 吴新智. 中国远古人类的进化[J ] . 人类学学报 ,1990 ,9(4) :312 —321. [15 ] 刘武 ,Emma Mbua ,吴秀杰. 非洲和中国直立人某些颅骨特征的比较 ———中国与非洲人类头骨特征对比之一[J ] . 人类 学学报 ,2002 ,21(4) :255 —267. THE COMPARISONS BETWEEN THE MIDDLE PLEISTOCENE HUMAN CRANIUM FROM BODO , ETHIOPIA AND THE HOMO ERECTUS OF ZHOUKOUDIAN LIU Wu1 , WU Xiu2jie1 ,2 , ZHAN G Yin2yun 1 (1. Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology , Chinese Academy of Sciences ,Beijing 100044 ; 2. Graduate School , Chinese Academy of Sciences ,Beijing 100039) Abstract : The cranium found at Bodo of Middle Awash area in Ethiopia is derived from Middle Pleis2 tocene deposits with the age about 016 Ma. The Bodo cranium is the most complete and oldest Middle Pleistocene human fossil ever found in the world. Because both the morphological features of Homo · 821 · 人 类 学 学 报 23 卷