BASIC TYPES OF SEPARATIONS o Phase Creation Equilibrium Phase Separations] E Energy Separating Agent(ESA)/Simple distillation/ E Mass separating Agent MSA)/Gas absorption, liquid-liquid extraction, extractive distillation/ o Use of a barrier /Membrane separations E Gas/Gas permeation E Liquid ialysis, reverse osmosis E Liquid-solid [ Ultrafiltration o Use of a Solid /Adsorption/ E Gas or liquid adsorption E> Chromatography o Use ofa field or gradient E Gravity /decantation, sedimentation, flotation/ E Electric Field Electrostatic precipitation, electrodialysis 94/99 Separation Operations: Introduction9/4/99 Separation Operations: Introduction 8 BASIC TYPES OF SEPARATIONS u Phase Creation [Equilibrium Phase Separations] ð Energy Separating Agent (ESA) [Simple distillation] ð Mass Separating Agent (MSA) [Gas absorption, liquid-liquid extraction, extractive distillation] u Use of a Barrier [Membrane Separations] ð Gas [Gas permeation] ð Liquid [Dialysis, reverse osmosis] ð Liquid-solid [Ultrafiltration] u Use of a Solid [Adsorption] ð Gas or liquid adsorption ð Chromatography u Use of a field or gradient ð Gravity [decantation, sedimentation, flotation] ð Electric Field [Electrostatic precipitation, electrodialysis]