2018/3/11 Airfoil design requirements 国上活大坐 Airfoil Design Methods 国上洋文大坐 Minimum drag during cruise(high-speed characteristics) Small pitching moment Thickness meets the requirements of structural,fuel choose from a library of airfoils according to their -Some modifications based on iterative wind tunnel tests appe rs) Stall characteristics closest match in Different airfoils can be used at the root and tip,intermediate sections are estimated using interpolation Now days,CFD methods are widely used -Airfoils are designed-part of the company advantages -Inverse method:given pressure distribution,find the airfoil geometry -Optimization methods:Ootimize airfoil geon netry to produce the required Cl,Cd,and other aerodynamic performance o r nd 0171 Soor an0 Airfoil Summary 国上活大峰 国上道大坐 Airfoil geometry Aerodynamic characteristics Development of airfoils using wind tunnel tests/CFD methods Typical airfoils-for different types of aircraft 。Desian methods Inverse design Shape opti ation using CFD -Laminar airfoils Morphing Section B WING DESIGN rAer 8oa6o0e四k-a88 Wing planforms for large transport 国上清发大坐 Wing Configuration aircraft 园上海发大坐 inboard centerline A380 A340-500800A330A340 A300 A310A31B- leading-edge slats aileron root chord,cr outboard aileron A380 HTP area -A310 wing tip chord, mean Flaps area-A320 wing trailing edge flaps aerodynamic chord.MAC half-span,b/2 72018/3/11 7 © Shanghai Jiao Tong University – Dr. Wenbin Song School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2017-2018 Airfoil design requirements • Minimum drag during cruise (high-speed characteristics) • Small pitching moment • Thickness meets the requirements of structural, fuel • High critical Mach Number, (Mach number at which supersonic flow first appears) • Stall characteristics • Different airfoils can be used at the root and tip, intermediate sections are estimated using interpolation © Shanghai Jiao Tong University – Dr. Wenbin Song School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2017-2018 Airfoil Design Methods • Early days, airfoils were mainly designed using wind tunnel tests, wide range of family airfoils available - NACA series – aerospace engineers choose from a library of airfoils according to their need – Some modifications based on iterative wind tunnel tests • In conceptual design stage, airfoil with the closest match in aerodynamic performance is often selected • Now days, CFD methods are widely used – Airfoils are designed – part of the company advantages – Inverse method: given pressure distribution, find the airfoil geometry – Optimization methods: Optimize airfoil geometry to produce the required Cl, Cd, and other aerodynamic performance © Shanghai Jiao Tong University – Dr. Wenbin Song School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2017-2018 Airfoil Summary • Airfoil geometry • Aerodynamic characteristics • Development of airfoils using wind tunnel tests/CFD methods • Typical airfoils – for different types of aircraft • Design methods – Inverse design – Shape optimization using CFD – Laminar airfoils – Morphing © Shanghai Jiao Tong University – Dr. Wenbin Song School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2017-2018 WING DESIGN Section B © Shanghai Jiao Tong University – Dr. Wenbin Song School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2017-2018 Wing planforms for large transport aircraft © Shanghai Jiao Tong University – Dr. Wenbin Song School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2017-2018 Wing Configuration 42 centerline root chord, cr tip chord, ct half-span, b/2 leading-edge slats trailing edge flaps inboard aileron outboard aileron Lle mean aerodynamic chord, MAC