"When there's TV in the bedroom,parents are less likely to have control over the content and the amount watched,"Borzekowski said "They are also unable know how early or how late the set is on.This seems to be associated with kids performance on academic tests."According to Borzekowski,content and the time the TV is on may be the primary reasons for its negative effect."If the TV is in the family room,then parents can see the content of what children are watching,"she "Parents can ose to sit alongside and watch,or tum the set off.Asimpl and straightforward,positive parenting strategy is to keep the TV out of the child's bedroom,or remove it if it's already there." F)In the second report,Dr.Robert J.Hancox from the University of Otago in Dunedin,New Zealand,and colleagues found,regardless of your intelligence or social background,if you watch a lot of TV du ring childhood.、 you are much less ikely to ha ave a college degree by your mid-20s.In their study,the researchers followed 1,037 people born in 1972 and 1973.Every two years,between the ages of 5 and 15.they were asked how much television they watched.The researchers found that those who watched the most television during these vears had earned fewer degrees by the time they were 26."We found that the more television the child had atched,the more likely they were to le ve scho ool with an qualifications Hancox said in a prepared statement."Those who watched little television had the best chance of going on to university and eaming a degree. G)Watching TV at an early age had the most effect on graduating from college. Hancox's team found."An interesting finding was that although teenage viewing linked to le vithout y qualific viewing that had d the greatest impact on getting a degree,"he said suggests that excessive television in younger children has a long-lasting adverse effect on educational performance." H)In the third report.Frederick J.Zimmerman and Dr.Dimitri A.Christakis the University of Washington propos that,for very oung childre watching TV can result in lo er te 0 in mat ematics,read and reading comprehension."We looked at how much television children watched before age 3 and then at ages 3 to 5."Zimmerman said."We found that for children who watched a small amount of TV in the earlier years,there was consider able beneficial effect compared to children who watched a lot of V." ever it was not so clea children age "There were some good effects of watching TV on reading.but no beneficial effects for math or vocabulary."he noted."The worst pattern was to watch more than three hours of Ty before age 3 Those kids had a significant disadvantage compared to the other kids."Parents should follow the American Academy of Pediat mendation,which is noTV for childrer under 2 Zin m said "Personally,I feel the cutoff should be children under3 because there is just not any good content for children under 3. J)One expert believes that TV contents matters the most,she believes TV can have both positive and negative effects,but it all depends on what children are watching.said Deborah L Line barger,an assistant professor at the University of 新编大学英语四级全真模拟试题（四）第3员新编大学英语四级全真模拟试题（四）第3页 "When there's TV in the bedroom, parents are less likely to have control over the content and the amount watched," Borzekowski said. "They are also unable to know how early or how late the set is on. This seems to be associated with kids' performance on academic tests." According to Borzekowski,content and the time the TV is on may be the primary reasons for its negative effect. "If the TV is in the family room, then parents can see the content of what children are watching," she said. "Parents can choose to sit alongside and watch, or turn the set off. A simple and straightforward, positive parenting strategy is to keep the TV out of the child's bedroom, or remove it if it's already there." F) In the second report, Dr. Robert J. Hancox from the University of Otago in Dunedin, New Zealand, and colleagues found, regardless of your intelligence or social background, if you watch a lot of TV during childhood, you are much less likely to have a college degree by your mid-20s. In their study, the researchers followed 1,037 people born in 1972 and 1973. Every two years, between the ages of 5 and 15, they were asked how much television they watched. The researchers found that those who watched the most television during these years had earned fewer degrees by the time they were 26."We found that the more television the child had watched, the more likely they were to leave school without any qualifications," Hancox said in a prepared statement. "Those who watched little television had the best chance of going on to university and earning a degree." G) Watching TV at an early age had the most effect on graduating from college. Hancox's team found. "An interesting finding was that although teenage viewing was strongly linked to leaving school without any qualifications, it was earlier childhood viewing that had the greatest impact on getting a degree," he said. "This suggests that excessive television in younger children has a long-lasting adverse effect on educational performance." H) In the third report, Frederick J. Zimmerman and Dr. Dimitri A. Christakis from the University of Washington propose that, for very young children, watching TV can result in lower test scores in mathematics, reading recognition and reading comprehension. "We looked at how much television children watched before age 3 and then at ages 3 to 5," Zimmerman said. "We found that for children who watched a small amount of TV in the earlier years, there was consider able beneficial effect compared to children who watched a lot of TV." I) However, it was not so clear about the effect on children aged 3-5, Zimmerman said. "There were some good effects of watching TV on reading, but no beneficial effects for math or vocabulary," he noted. "The worst pattern was to watch more than three hours of TV before age 3. Those kids had a significant disadvantage compared to the other kids." Parents should follow the American Academy of Pediatrics recommendation, which is no TV for children under 2, Zimmerman said. "Personally, I feel the cutoff should be children under 3, because there is just not any good content for children under 3." J) One expert believes that TV contents matters the most, she believes TV can have both positive and negative effects, but it all depends on what children are watching, said Deborah L. Line barger, an assistant professor at the University of