10. Other minor deities Summary 狄俄尼索斯( Dionysus)与罗马人信奉的巴克斯( Bacchus)是同一位神祇, 他是古代希腊人信奉的葡萄酒之神,他不仅握有葡萄酒醉人的力量,还以布施欢 乐与慈爱在当时成为极有感召力的神,他推动了古代社会的文明并确立了法则, 维护着世界的和平。此外,他还护佑着希腊的农业与戏剧文化。在奧林匹亚圣山 的传说中他是宙斯与赛墨勒之子 珀耳塞福涅( Persephone)是希腊神话中冥界的王后,她是德墨忒尔( Demeter) 和宙斯的女儿,被哈迪斯( Hades)绑架到冥界与哈迪斯结婚,成为冥后 奥林匹斯山的众神中,最叫人无可奈何的,就是小爱神丘比特。丘比特一直 被人们喻为爱情的象征,相传他有头非常美丽的金发,雪白娇嫩的脸蛋,还有 对可以自由自在飞翔的翅膀,丘比特和他母亲爱神阿芙洛狄忒一起主管神、人的 爱情和婚姻。不过他与母亲阿芙洛狄忒不同,阿芙洛狄忒代表的是理性的爱,而 丘比特代表的是疯狂的爱。丘比特的图片多为蒙眼,以寓意 Love is blind。 除了高高在上的奥林匹斯众神之外,还有寓于世界万物中的这些小神小仙, 可谓是万物皆有灵性( animism),这便使得这个世界拥挤不堪但又妙趣横生 Selected Reading Dionysus (Dionysus) Bacchus was the son of Jupiter and Semele. As is known to all Semele was burned to ashes through Hera's cunning trap and Hermes arrived just in time to take from within her the baby bacchus Zeus took the infant Bacchus and gave him in charge to the nymphs of Mount Nysa, who nourished his infancy and childhood x4 and for their care were rewarded by Jupiter by being placed, as the hyades, among the stars. It was on Mount Nysa that dionysus invented wine for which he is chiefly celebrated. When he grew to manhood Hera recognized him as Zeus's son despite the effeminacy to which his education had reduced him and drove him mad. He went wandering all over the world, accompanied by his tutor Silenus and a wild army of Satyrs'and Maenads. In Phrygia the goddess rhea cured him and taught him her religious rites, and he set out on a progress through Asia, teaching the people the cultivation of the wine. The most famous part of his wanderings is India, which is said to have lasted several years. Returning in triumph, he undertook to introduce his worship into Greece, but was opposed by some princes, who dreaded its introduction on account of the disorders and madness it brought with it As he approached his native city Thebes, Pentheus the king, who had no respect41 10. Other Minor Deities Summary 狄俄尼索斯（Dionysus） 与罗马人信奉的巴克斯（Bacchus）是同一位神祇， 他是古代希腊人信奉的葡萄酒之神，他不仅握有葡萄酒醉人的力量，还以布施欢 乐与慈爱在当时成为极有感召力的神，他推动了古代社会的文明并确立了法则， 维护着世界的和平。此外，他还护佑着希腊的农业与戏剧文化。在奥林匹亚圣山 的传说中他是宙斯与赛墨勒之子。 珀耳塞福涅（Persephone）是希腊神话中冥界的王后，她是德墨忒尔（Demeter） 和宙斯的女儿，被哈迪斯（Hades）绑架到冥界与哈迪斯结婚，成为冥后。 奥林匹斯山的众神中，最叫人无可奈何的，就是小爱神丘比特。丘比特一直 被人们喻为爱情的象征，相传他有头非常美丽的金发，雪白娇嫩的脸蛋，还有一 对可以自由自在飞翔的翅膀，丘比特和他母亲爱神阿芙洛狄忒一起主管神、人的 爱情和婚姻。不过他与母亲阿芙洛狄忒不同，阿芙洛狄忒代表的是理性的爱，而 丘比特代表的是疯狂的爱。丘比特的图片多为蒙眼，以寓意 Love is blind。 除了高高在上的奥林匹斯众神之外，还有寓于世界万物中的这些小神小仙， 可谓是万物皆有灵性(animism)，这便使得这个世界拥挤不堪但又妙趣横生。 Selected Reading Dionysus (Dionysus) Bacchus was the son of Jupiter and Semele. As is known to all, Semele was burned to ashes through Hera’s cunning trap and Hermes arrived just in time to take from within her the baby Bacchus. Zeus took the infant Bacchus and gave him in charge to the nymphs of Mount Nysa, who nourished1 his infancy and childhood, and for their care were rewarded by Jupiter by being placed, as the Hyades2 , among the stars. It was on Mount Nysa that Dionysus invented wine, for which he is chiefly celebrated. When he grew to manhood Hera recognized him as Zeus’s son, despite the effeminacy3 to which his education had reduced him, and drove him mad. He went wandering all over the world, accompanied by his tutor Silenus4 and a wild army of Satyrs5 and Maenads6 . In Phrygia the goddess Rhea cured him and taught him her religious rites, and he set out on a progress through Asia, teaching the people the cultivation of the wine. The most famous part of his wanderings is his expedition to India, which is said to have lasted several years. Returning in triumph7 , he undertook to introduce his worship into Greece, but was opposed by some princes, who dreaded its introduction on account of8 the disorders and madness it brought with it. As he approached his native city Thebes, Pentheus the king, who had no respect