6 Acki 7 References Part II Special Characterization Methods and modeli 107 Chapter 7 Micro-Scratch Testing and Finite element Simulation of Wear Mechanisn of Polymer Composites 1 Introduction 2 Micro-Scratch Testin 110 The Representative Wear Mechanisms 113 4 Wear Considerations by Finite Element Contact Analysis 114 4. 1 Finite Element Macro/Micro-Contact Models l15 4.2 Normal Fiber Orientation 116 4.3 Parallel Fiber Orientation l18 4.4 Anti-Parallel Fiber Orientation 120 Finite Element Simulation of the Fiber/Matrix Debonding 121 5. 1 Debonding Model and Interface Element 12 22 5. 1.2 Conditions of Debonding 123 5.1.3 Unloading Considerations 125 5.1.4 The Debonding Algorithm 5.2 Calculations for N-Oriented Carbon Fibers in a peeK matrix 6 Conclusions 129 7 Acknowledgements 8 References Chapter 8 Determination of the Interface Strength of Polymer-Polymer Joints by a Curved Interface Tensile Test 133 2 Curved Interface Tensile Test 136 3 Stress Calculation by Finite-Element analysi 3. 1 Flat Interface 3.2 Curved interfac 38 4. 1 Materials and Specimen Preparati 4.2 Tensile Tests and Strain Estimation 4.3 Determination of the Adhesion Strength 5 Conclusions and Outlookviii 6 Acknowledgements 7 References Contents Part I1 Special Characterization Methods and Modeling 107 Chapter 7 Micro-Scratch Testing and Finite Element Simulation of Wear Mechanisms of Polymer Composites 109 1 Introduction 109 2 Micro-Scratch Testing 110 3 The Representative Wear Mechanisms 113 4 Wear Considerations by Finite Element Contact Analysis 114 4.1 Finite Element Macromicro-Contact Models 115 4.2 Normal Fiber Orientation 116 4.3 Parallel Fiber Orientation 118 4.4 Anti-Parallel Fiber Orientation 120 5 Finite Element Simulation of the FiberMatrix Debonding 121 5.1 Debonding Model and Interface Elements 122 5.1.1 Interface Elements 122 5.1.2 Conditions of Debonding 123 5.1.3 Unloading Considerations 125 5.1.4 The Debonding Algorithm 125 5.2 Calculations for N-Oriented Carbon Fibers in a PEEK Matrix 126 6 Conclusions 129 7 Acknowledgements 130 8 References 130 Chapter 8 Determination of the Interface Strength of Polymer-Polymer Joints by a Curved Interface Tensile Test 1 Introduction 2 Curved Interface Tensile Test 3 Stress Calculation by Finite-Element Analysis 3.1 Flat Interface 3.2 Curved Interface 4 Experimental Observations 4.1 Materials and Specimen Preparation 4.2 Tensile Tests and Strain Estimation 4.3 Determination of the Adhesion Strength 5 Conclusions and Outlook 6 References