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吴爱祥等:含碳酸盐脉石氧化铜利矿的酸浸动力学 ·765· 0.060 0.055 (a) 0.045b.0.335-0.425mm,R2-0.979 ■30gL,R-0.976 0.040 0.250-0.335mm,R2-0.977 0.050 ·35gL,R=0.965 ▲0.178-0.250mm,R-0.973 0.045 440gL,R2=0.950 0.035 v0.125-0.178mm,R2=0.959 0.040 745g…L-4,R-0.937 ◆0.074-0.125mm,R-0.977 0.030 0.035 ◆50g-L,=0.920 0.025 0.030 0.025 0.020 0.020 0.015 0.015 0.010 0.010 0.005 0.005 0 0 0 20406080100120140160180200 20 406080100120140160180200 反应时间min 反应时间min 0.055(d 0.045(d 0.050■2:1.R2-0978 ■100rmin-,R-0.961 0.040 0.045 。2.5:1.R-0.970 。120 r'min,2-0.978 0.040 3:1.R2-0.953 0.035 4150rmim-.R-0.973 35:1.2-0.940 0.035 0.030 7180rmin2=0.974 4:1.R=0.974 ◆200rmin'.R2-0.964 0.030 0.025 ◆ 0.025 0.020 0.020 0.015 0.015 0.010 0.010 0.005 0.005 06 0 20406080100120140160180200 020406080100120140160180200 反应时间/min 反应时间min 图10不同条件下1- 子-1-)子与:曲线.(回酸度:()矿石粒径:(日液圈质量比:(d振荡速度 Fg.1otof(time underferm condi (a)acid comcenraion (b)particle ire (pulp density (d)stiing rate (3)基于收缩未反应核模型对矿石浸出动力学进 -8.0 y=-1.04r-4.876 -0.998 行分析,结果显示固体产物层扩散为浸出反应的控制 -8.1 步骤.碳酸盐脉石与硫酸发生反应后,产生的结晶沉 淀物致密地覆盖在矿石颗粒表面,阻碍了矿石的浸出, -82 反应的表观活化能E为8.65 kJ-mol1 -8.3 参考文献 [1]Wu A X,Wang H J,Yang B H,et al.The progress and prospect -8.4 of leaching mining technology.Min Technol,2006,6(3):39 (吴爱样,王洪江,杨保华,等.溶浸采矿技术的进展与展望 -85 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 采矿技术,2006,6(3):39) T1000K- 2] Liu W,Tang M,Tang C,et al.Dissolution kinetics of low grade 图11酸浸含碳酸盐脉石氧化铜Arrhenius图 complex copper ore in ammonia-ammonium chloride solution Fig.11 Arrhenius plot of acid leaching of the copper oxide ore con- Trans China Nonferrous Met Soc,2010,20(5):910 taining carbonate gangue B] Kiinkiil A.Kocakerim MM,Yapici S,et al.Leaching kinetics of malachite in ammonia solutions.Int Miner Process,1994,41 0.074~0.125mm和液固质量比3:1,浸出180min后 (3):167 铜浸出率可达53.6%. 4 Bingol D,Canbazoglu M.Dissolution kinetics of malachite in sul- (2)矿石中碳酸盐脉石在酸液中溶解后,脉石中 phuric acid.Hydrometallurgy,2004,72(1):159 [5]Bingol D,Canbazoglu M,Aydogan S.Dissolution kinetics of mal- Ca离子被释放,与SO结合生成难溶的CaS0·2H,0 achite in ammonia/ammonium carbonate leaching.Hydrometallur- 覆盖在矿石表面,矿石颗粒孔裂隙的发育因此受到限 8y,2005,76(1):55 制,进而影响浸出剂及金属离子的扩散,阻碍浸出反应 [6]Liu Z,Yin Z,Hu H,et al.Leaching kinetics of low-grade copper 浸出. ore containing calcium-magnesium carbonate in ammonia-ammo-吴爱祥等: 含碳酸盐脉石氧化铜矿的酸浸动力学 图 10 不同条件下 1 - 2 3 x - ( 1 - x) 2 3 与 t 曲线. ( a) 酸度; ( b) 矿石粒径; ( c) 液固质量比; ( d) 振荡速度 Fig. 10 Plots of 1 - 2 3 x - ( 1 - x) 2 3 vs. time under different conditions: ( a) acid concentration; ( b) particle size; ( c) pulp density; ( d) stirring rate 图 11 酸浸含碳酸盐脉石氧化铜矿 Arrhenius 图 Fig. 11 Arrhenius plot of acid leaching of the copper oxide ore con￾taining carbonate gangue 0. 074 ~ 0. 125 mm 和液固质量比 3∶ 1,浸出 180 min 后 铜浸出率可达 53. 6% . ( 2) 矿石中碳酸盐脉石在酸液中溶解后,脉石中 Ca 离子被释放,与 SO2 - 4 结合生成难溶的 CaSO4 ·2H2O 覆盖在矿石表面,矿石颗粒孔裂隙的发育因此受到限 制,进而影响浸出剂及金属离子的扩散,阻碍浸出反应 浸出. ( 3) 基于收缩未反应核模型对矿石浸出动力学进 行分析,结果显示固体产物层扩散为浸出反应的控制 步骤. 碳酸盐脉石与硫酸发生反应后,产生的结晶沉 淀物致密地覆盖在矿石颗粒表面,阻碍了矿石的浸出, 反应的表观活化能 Ea为 8. 65 kJ·mol - 1 . 参 考 文 献 [1] Wu A X,Wang H J,Yang B H,et al. The progress and prospect of leaching mining technology. Min Technol,2006,6( 3) : 39 ( 吴爱祥,王洪江,杨保华,等. 溶浸采矿技术的进展与展望. 采矿技术,2006,6( 3) : 39) [2] Liu W,Tang M,Tang C,et al. Dissolution kinetics of low grade complex copper ore in ammonia-- ammonium chloride solution. Trans China Nonferrous Met Soc,2010,20( 5) : 910 [3] Künkül A,Kocakerim M M,Yapici S,et al. Leaching kinetics of malachite in ammonia solutions. Int J Miner Process,1994,41 ( 3) : 167 [4] Bingl D,Canbazoglu M. Dissolution kinetics of malachite in sul- ˇ phuric acid. Hydrometallurgy,2004,72( 1) : 159 [5] Bingl D,Canbazoglu M ˇ ,Aydogan S. Dissolution kinetics of mal- ˇ achite in ammonia /ammonium carbonate leaching. Hydrometallur￾gy,2005,76( 1) : 55 [6] Liu Z,Yin Z,Hu H,et al. Leaching kinetics of low-grade copper ore containing calcium--magnesium carbonate in ammonia--ammo- · 567 ·
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