OH >R-OH 醇 R'O R-OR 醚 R'COO R-OCOR' 酯 R-X R'iN R-NR'X 铵盐 (R=Me,1°or2) (X=CI,Br,I) CN R-C三N 腈 SH R-SH 硫醇 R'C=C- R-C≡CR' 炔X - ( R=Me, 1 o or 2 o ) OH - R-OH R-OR' R'O - R'COO - R-OCOR' R' 3 N R-NR' 3 X - + CN - SH - R-SH 醇 醚 酯 铵盐 腈 硫醇 炔 R-C N R-C CR' R'C C - R X ( X=Cl, Br, I )