李永亮等：钒对高强度汽车大梁钢组织细化的影响 *1113· 0.5 [8]Madariaga I,Gutierrez I,Garcia de Andres C,et al.Acicular fer- ,无V钢 rite formation in a medium carbon steel with a two stage continuous 0.4 ·含V钢 cooling.Scripta Mater,1999,41(41):229 9]Avishan B,Yazdani S,Nedjad S H.Toughness variations in 03 nanostructured bainitic steels.Mater Sci Eng A,2012,548:106 [10]Xia D X.Wang X L,Li XC,et al.Properties and microstructure of third generation X90 pipeline steel.Acta Metall Sin,2013,49 (3):271 (夏佃秀，王学林，李秀程，等.X90级别第三代管线钢的力 学性能与组织特征.金属学报，2013,49(3)：271) 10 20 30405060 [11]He X L,Shang C J.Yang S W,et al.Highperformance Low-car- 品体学取向差 bon Bainitic Steels.Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2008 图82℃"：1下V元素对实验钢品体学取向分布的影响 (贺信莱，尚成嘉，杨善武，等.高性能低碳贝氏体钢.北 Fig.8 Effect of V on the misorientation angle distributions at a cool- 京：治金工业出版社，2008) ing rate of2℃sl [12]Zhang Z H,Xue XX.Bainite transformation of low-earbon and boron-containing steel under continuous cooling.J fron Steel Res 强化效果明显 ,2014,21(3):359 03] Terzic 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bainitic steels.J Iron Steel Research Int,2008,15(6):1 [22]Cheng H J,Wang F M,Pan Z B,et al.Continuous cooling李永亮等: 钒对高强度汽车大梁钢组织细化的影响 图 8 2 ℃·s － 1下 V 元素对实验钢晶体学取向分布的影响 Fig． 8 Effect of V on the misorientation angle distributions at a cool￾ing rate of 2 ℃·s － 1 强化效果明显． 3 结论 在冷速 2 ～ 7 ℃·s － 1的范围内，实验钢可以得到以 针状铁素体 + 粒状贝氏体为主的显微组织． V 的添加 促进粒状贝氏体转变，细化粒状贝氏体组织，并能有效 降低 M /A 岛尺寸． 当冷速为 2 ℃·s － 1时，含 V 钢的粒 状贝氏体体积分数提高 5% ，维氏硬度比无 V 钢高出 15 HV，预测抗拉强度提高 45 MPa，说明 V 的添加可有 效提高钢的强度． 同时，V 的添加使钢的大角晶界比 例也提高 18. 2% ，大角度晶界比例的增加与粒状贝氏 体团的增加和组织的细化有关． 添加0. 08% 的 V 对钢 硬度和强度的影响，主要来自固溶态 V 对粒状贝氏体 相变的促进作用和显微组织的细化． 参 考 文 献 ［1］ Zhao Z Z，Liu J，Zhao A M，et al． Analysis of microstructure characteristics and precipitation behavior of automobile beam steels produced by compact strip production． J Iron Steel Ｒes Int，2010， 17( 3) : 56 ［2］ Zhao Z Z，Kang Y L，Yu H． Microstructure and mechanical prop￾erties of automobile beam steels produced by EAF-CSP process． J Univ Sci Technol Beijing，2006，13( 6) : 508 ［3］ Yu H，Kang Y L，Zhao Z Z，et al． Study of microstructure and cementite in automobile beam steels produced by compact strip production with flexible technologies． Mater Sci Eng A，2005，408 ( 1 － 2) : 47 ［4］ Guan M F，Yu H． Fatigue crack growth behaviors in hot-rolled low carbon steels: a comparison between ferrite-pearlite and fer￾rite-bainite microstructures． Mater Sci Eng A，2013，559: 875 ［5］ Fang H S，Yang J B，Yang Z G，et al． The mechanism of bainite transformation in steels． Scripta Mater，2002，47( 3) : 157 ［6］ Yang Z G，Fang H S． An overview on bainite formation in steels． Curr Opin Solid State Mater Sci，2005，9( 6) : 277 ［7］ Fang H S，Feng C，Zheng Y K，et al． Creation of air-cooled Mn series bainitic steels． J Iron Steel Ｒesearch Int，2008，15( 6) : 1 ［8］ Madariaga I，Gutierrez I，García de Andrés C，et al． Acicular fer￾rite formation in a medium carbon steel with a two stage continuous cooling． Scripta Mater，1999，41( 41) : 229 ［9］ Avishan B，Yazdani S，Nedjad S H． Toughness variations in nanostructured bainitic steels． Mater Sci Eng A，2012，548: 106 ［10］ Xia D X，Wang X L，Li X C，et al． Properties and microstructure of third generation X90 pipeline steel． Acta Metall Sin，2013，49 ( 3) : 271 ( 夏佃秀，王学林，李秀程，等． X90 级别第三代管线钢的力 学性能与组织特征． 金属学报，2013，49( 3) : 271) ［11］ He X L，Shang C J，Yang S W，et al． High-performance Low-car￾bon Bainitic Steels． Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press，2008 ( 贺信莱，尚成嘉，杨善武，等． 高性能低碳贝氏体钢． 北 京: 冶金工业出版社，2008) ［12］ Zhang Z H，Xue X X． Bainite transformation of low-carbon and boron-containing steel under continuous cooling． J Iron Steel Ｒes Int，2014，21( 3) : 359 ［13］ Terzic A，Calcagnotto M，Guk S，et al． Influence of boron on transformation behavior during continuous cooling of low alloyed steels． Mater Sci Eng A，2013，584: 32 ［14］ Wang T S，Yang J，Shang C J，et al． Microstructures and impact toughness of low-alloy high-carbon steel austempered at low tem￾perature． Scripta Mater，2009，61( 4) : 434 ［15］ Feng C，Fang H S，Bai B Z，et al． Phase transformation and strength-toughness of a FGBA /BG 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