大学亮语面语痃贛冥 I动词(时态,语态,用法省略,一致性等) 1.时态 1)现在完成进行时态(have/ has been+-ing分词构成):动作或状态从过去某时开始,继续到 现在,可能继续下去,也可能刚刚结束 I've been writing letters for an hour. I've been sitting in the garden 2)过去完成进行时(由 had been+ing分词构成):过去某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作 I'd been working for some time when he called We had been waiting for her for two hours by the time she came 3)将来完成进行时:将来某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作 y next summer, he will have been working here for twenty years In another month's time she'll have been studying here for three years 4)将来完成时(由 shall/ will have+过去分词构成):将来某时会业已发生的事 I shall have finished this one before lunch They 'll have hit the year's target by the end of october. 2.语态 1)可以有两种被动结构的类型,例如: It was said that he was jealous of her success. 能同时适用于上述两个句型的主动词通常都是表示“估计”,“相信”等意义的动词,常见的有 assume, believe, expect, fear, feel, know, presume, report, say, suppose, understand It is supposed that the ship has been sunk The ship is supposed to have been sunk. 担当 be supposed to与不定式的一般形式搭配时往往表示不同的意义.例如 Why are you driving so fast in this area? You are supposed to know the speed to know the speed limit.(你应该晓得速度限制) 2)双宾语及宾补结构的被动语态 a)双宾语结构的被动语态:双宾语结构变为被动语态时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语, 另一个宾语仍然保留在谓语后面,但多数是把间接宾语变为主语 le was asked a number of questions at the press conf erence Two days were allowed them for making the necessary preparations b)宾补结构的被动语态 AnthonyHoEmail:anthonyho@citiz.net 大学英语四级语法精要Anthony Ho Email: anthonyho@citiz.net 大学英语四级语法精要 Page 1 of 24 大学英语四级语法精要 Ⅰ动词(时态,语态,用法,省略,一致性等) 1. 时态 1)现在完成进行时态 (have/has been + -ing 分词构成): 动作或状态从过去某时开始,继续到 现在,可能继续下去,也可能刚刚结束. I’ve been writing letters for an hour. I’ve been sitting in the garden. 2)过去完成进行时(由 had been + ing 分词构成): 过去某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作 I’d been working for some time when he called. We had been waiting for her for two hours by the time she came. 3)将来完成进行时: 将来某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作. By next summer, he will have been working here for twenty years. In another month’s time she’ll have been studying here for three years. 4)将来完成时(由 shall/will have + 过去分词构成): 将来某时会业已发生的事. I shall have finished this one before lunch. They’ll have hit the year’s target by the end of October. 2. 语态 1)可以有两种被动结构的类型,例如: He was said to be jealous of her success. It was said that he was jealous of her success. 能同时适用于上述两个句型的主动词通常都是表示“估计”,“相信”等意义的动词,常见的有 assume,believe,expect,fear,feel,know,presume,report,say,suppose,understand 等. It is supposed that the ship has been sunk. The ship is supposed to have been sunk. 担当 be supposed to 与不定式的一般形式搭配时往往表示不同的意义.例如: Why are you driving so fast in this area? You are supposed to know the speed to know the speed limit. (你应该晓得速度限制) 2) 双宾语及宾补结构的被动语态 a)双宾语结构的被动语态: 双宾语结构变为被动语态时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语, 另一个宾语仍然保留在谓语后面,但多数是把间接宾语变为主语. He was asked a number of questions at the press conference. Two days were allowed them for making the necessary preparations. b)宾补结构的被动语态: