三.质谱 Mass Spectrometry Mass Spectrum Analytical method to measure the atomic weight of samples 警 Mass Spectrometry Mass Spectroscopy Although the mass speetrograph dates to(Astom) Mass spectrometry (MS)has become an indispensable tool to the modern natura product initially used to ular weights and its by providing investigat with 1989 the advances in m plication and structure elucidation. rapid and staggering' Aosu Rip Preg Choa.SNtR34国i5 质谱发展史 质谱仪框图 1898W,Wa 发现带正电荷的高子束在醴场中发生偏转。 进样系铁Sample Inlet 191l11e 头 采用电子表击技术使分子高子化 1919 F.W. 如速区】 质量分折0 n separation 石泊精和胶工业。 Output 地解决了易分辉的化合物的质谱测定 (检制Detector 1 1 三.质 谱 Mass Spectrum 2 Mass Spectrometry • Analytical method to measure the molecular or atomic weight of samples 3 Although the mass spectrograph dates to 1919 (Aston), mass spectrometry was first applied to organic chemistry in the 1950s by Djerassi, Biemann and others. It was initially used to determine molecular weights, and its application to natural and synthetic products was very successful. From the late 1970s a variety of techniques appeared for involatile or thermally labile products such as chemical ionisation and fast atom bombardment. By 1989 the advances in mass spectrometry were described as ‘rapid and staggering’ . Mass Spectrometry Annu. Rep. Prog. Chem., Sect. B, 2004, 100, 3–31. 4 Mass spectrometry (MS) has become an indispensable tool to the modern natural product scientist by providing investigators with molecular formulas, isotopic profiles and fragmentation data that are especially useful for dereplication and structure elucidation. Mass Spectroscopy Mass Spectroscopy 5 1898 W. Wien 发现带正电荷的离子束在磁场中发生偏转。 1911 J. J. Thomson 使用简单的电场-磁场组合装置, 获得了抛 物线族的质谱, 证明了20Ne, 22Ne两种同位 素的存在。 1918 A. J. Dempster 采用电子轰击技术使分子离子化。 1919 F. W. Aston 制得了第一台速度聚焦质谱仪。提出每种同 位素的质子和中子在结合成原子核时, 具有 特定的质量亏损(并非整数值)。 1942 商品MS出现, 用于石油精炼和橡胶工业。 质 谱 发 展 史 80年代 快原子轰击电离(FAB-MS, 1981)应用，较好 地解决了易分解的化合物的质谱测定 6 计算机数据 处理系统 真空系统 加速区 进样系统 离子源 质量分析器 检测器 质谱仪框图 Ionisation source Ion separation Detector Output Sample Inlet