Atomic Force Microscopy of Ceramic Fibers 5 ength (um) (a) FIG9. Section analyses of surface roughness in(a)HI-Nicalon fiber and(b)Nicalon fiber the fibers during cyclic fatigue of ceramic calon and HI-Nicalon ceramic fibers using matrix composites. atomic force microsco The AFM is a simple and effective tool CONCLUSIONS for measuring surface roughness, if used carefully and consistently, with an un- everal conclusions can be drawn from the certainty in measurements of lnm quantification of surface roughness of Ni- Roughness profiles and analysis show Table 3 Roughness and Thermally Induced Strains and Stresses in Composites with Nicalon and HI-Nicalon Fibers nicalon HI-NIcalon Roughness-induced strain, rmah 00071 Thermally induced strain,△a△T Net radial strain 0.0412 luce stress, Rough (MPa) 42.4 Thermally induced stress, Othermal(MPa) Net radial normal stress, ON(MPa) -344Atomic Force Microscopy of Ceramic Fibers 205 0 1 2 3 4 5 Length (urn) -20 -30 -40 t---,....,... 4w 0 1 2 3 4 Length Cm) 6 FIG. 9. Section analyses of surface roughness in (a) HI-Nicalon fiber and (b) Nicalon fiber. the fibers during cyclic fatigue of ceramic calon and HI-Nicalon ceramic fibers using matrix composites. atomic force microscopy: l The AFM is a simple and effective tool CONCLUSIONS for measuring surface roughness, if used carefully and consistently, with an un￾Several conclusions can be drawn from the certainty in measurements of lnm. quantification of surface roughness of Ni- l Roughness profiles and analysis show Table 3 Roughness and Thermally Induced Strains and Stresses in Composites with Nicalon and HLNicalon Fibers Nicalotz Hl-Nlcalon Roughness-induced strain, R,,,Jr -0.0051 -0.0071 Thermally induced strain, AaAT -0.0341 -0.0341 Net radial strain -0.0392 -0.0412 Roughness-induced stress, u‘rough (MPa) -42.4 -59.9 Thermally induced stress, vthermal (MPa) -281 -284 Net radial normal stress, UN (MPa) -323 -344