摘要 针对工厂烟肉排放的灰尘扩散问题，本文基于微分方程的大气扩散数学模型，建立一个 能够模拟灰尘浓度分布特征的模型，用于确定工厂周围地表灰尘浓度。该模型考虑了烟肉排 放的灰尘量、风速和地形等因素，并使用了数值方法进行求解。考虑到简捷性，在模型建立 中对现实条件进行适当简化： (1)灰尘排放：设定为烟肉点源排放，单位时间内排放的灰尘质量Q保持不变： (2)灰尘扩散：灰尘本身不发生分解、衰变等变化，满足质量守恒： (3)外界条件：气温、大气稳定，风的平均流场稳定、风速U恒定、风向固定且平直：地 势不对风场产生影响： 通过各种数值方法对模型的计算求解后，我们得到了不同条件下的灰尘浓度分布情况， 为工厂的环境保护提供了参考。 Abstract Aiming at the problem of dust dispersion emitted by factory chimneys,this paper estab- lishes a model that can simulate the distribution characteristics of dust concentration based on the mathematical model of atmospheric dispersion based on differential equations,and is used to determine the dust concentration on the surface around the factory.The model takes into account factors such as the amount of dust emitted from the chimney,wind speed,and terrain.and uses numerical methods to solve for it.Taking into account the simplicity.the realistic conditions are appropriately simplified in the model building: (1)Dust emission:set as chimney point source emission,the mass of dust emitted pe unit time Q remains unchanged; (2)Dust diffusion:the dust itself does not undergo decomposition,decay and other changes,which meets the conservation of quality (3)External conditions:air temperature,stable atmosphere,stable average flow field of wind,constant wind speed U constant,fixed and straight wind direction;The terrain is flat and does not affect the wind field: Calculating the model by several numerical methods,we can obtain the dust concentra tion distribution under different conditions,which provides a reference for the environmental protection of the factory.摘要 针对工厂烟囱排放的灰尘扩散问题，本文基于微分方程的大气扩散数学模型，建立一个 能够模拟灰尘浓度分布特征的模型，用于确定工厂周围地表灰尘浓度。该模型考虑了烟囱排 放的灰尘量、风速和地形等因素，并使用了数值方法进行求解。考虑到简捷性，在模型建立 中对现实条件进行适当简化： (1) 灰尘排放：设定为烟囱点源排放，单位时间内排放的灰尘质量 Q 保持不变； (2) 灰尘扩散：灰尘本身不发生分解、衰变等变化，满足质量守恒； (3) 外界条件：气温、大气稳定，风的平均流场稳定、风速 U 恒定、风向固定且平直；地 势不对风场产生影响； 通过各种数值方法对模型的计算求解后，我们得到了不同条件下的灰尘浓度分布情况， 为工厂的环境保护提供了参考。 Abstract Aiming at the problem of dust dispersion emitted by factory chimneys, this paper estab￾lishes a model that can simulate the distribution characteristics of dust concentration based on the mathematical model of atmospheric dispersion based on differential equations, and is used to determine the dust concentration on the surface around the factory. The model takes into account factors such as the amount of dust emitted from the chimney, wind speed, and terrain, and uses numerical methods to solve for it. Taking into account the simplicity, the realistic conditions are appropriately simplified in the model building: (1) Dust emission: set as chimney point source emission, the mass of dust emitted per unit time Q remains unchanged; (2) Dust diffusion: the dust itself does not undergo decomposition, decay and other changes, which meets the conservation of quality; (3) External conditions: air temperature, stable atmosphere, stable average flow field of wind, constant wind speed U constant, fixed and straight wind direction; The terrain is flat and does not affect the wind field; Calculating the model by several numerical methods, we can obtain the dust concentra￾tion distribution under different conditions, which provides a reference for the environmental protection of the factory. III