Token ring issues Fairness: Can a node hold the token for a long time Solution maximum token hold time Token failures: Tokens can be created or destroyed by noise Distributed solution Nodes are allowed to recognize the loss of a token and create a new token time =>need collision resolution algorithnifg eate a new token at the same Collision occurs when two or more nodes ci Node failures: Since each node must relay all incoming data, the failure of a single node will disrupt the operation of the ring Token ring standard: IEEE 802.5Token ring issues • Fairness: Can a node hold the token for a long time – Solution: maximum token hold time • Token failures: Tokens can be created or destroyed by noise – Distributed solution: Nodes are allowed to recognize the loss of a token and create a new token Collision occurs when two or more nodes create a new token at the same time => need collision resolution algorithms • Node failures: Since each node must relay all incoming data, the failure of a single node will disrupt the operation of the ring • Token ring standard: IEEE 802.5 Eytan Modiano Slide 14