工程科学学报，第38卷，增刊1：129-133,2016年6月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.38,Suppl.1:129-133,June 2016 DOI:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2016.s1.022:http://journals.ustb.edu.cn 模底砖结构对大钢锭充型过程卷渣的影响 张超杰，包燕平四，王敏，张乐辰 北京科技大学钢铁治金新技术国家重点实验室，北京100083 ☒通信作者，E-mail:zCi_usth@163.com 摘要通过建立191大钢锭充型过程的流动和传热模型，研究大钢锭充型初期的流场和温度场分布特征，针对一系列不同 尺寸结构模底砖的钢锭模进行充型过程的数值模拟，研究模底砖结构对充型初期钢液面卷渣的影响.充型初期钢液面波动 大，且凝固层推进快，易发生卷渣并被捕获至坯壳.当模底砖下口直径小于上口直径时，钢液进入钢锭模的流速主要取决于 模底砖下口直径，并随着下口直径的增大而迅速减小.对于19t钢锭，当模底砖下口直径大于90mm后能在很大程度上减小 充型初期的卷渣概率. 关键词钢锭：卷渣：充型：数值模拟 分类号TF775.1 Influence of entrance nozzle structure on mould powder entrapment during filling process of large steel ingot mould ZHANG Chao-jie,BAO Yan-ping,WANG Min,ZHANG Le-chen State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China Corresponding author,E-mail:zcj_ustb@163.com ABSTRACT A model for fluid and heat transfer of early stage of filling of a 19 ton ingot mould was built,and the flow and tempera- ture distribution characteristics during early stage of filling were investigated.Numerical simulations of mould filling with a series of en- trance nozzles with the different top diameters and bottom diameters were carried out,and the effects of entrance nozzle structure on mould powder entrapment during early stage of filling were investigated.The results show that level fluctuation in molten steel is strong and solidified shell grows fast so that mould powder can be entrapped easily.When top-end interior diameter is larger than bottom-end, the velocity of molten steel stream depends on the bottom-end interior diameter,and decreases with the increasing of op-end interior di- ameter.As for 19 ton steel ingot,the risk of mould powder entrapment can be greatly decreased when the bottom-end interior diameter is larger than 90 mm. KEY WORDS steel ingot:mould powder entrapment:mould filling:numerical simulation 在大钢锭下注法浇注过程中，由于保护渣要先铺 文等同使用ProCAST模拟了251大钢锭的浇注及凝固 在锭尾一部分或者悬挂于较低的位置一部分，而在充 过程，考察了模底砖孔径对钢水流场的影响.喻钟 型初期，钢锭模内熔池浅，液面波动大，常常会有保护 义因针对研究发现扩张性钢锭模模底砖出口断面大， 渣被卷入钢锭中成为大颗粒夹杂物 钢液进入模内流速小.范鼎东等切通过冷态试验发现 卷渣的发生主要受充型过程中钢渣界面的波动、 将模底砖的孔型由直筒型改为喇叭口型，可以减少大 保护渣的熔化性能、保护渣的加入方式等影响，其中钢 型夹杂物的数量. 渣界面的波动在很大程度上取决于模底砖的结构。张 目前还鲜有对于模底砖上口和下口直径之间的具 收稿日期：20160102 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51404018)工程科学学报，第 38 卷，增刊 1: 129--133，2016 年 6 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering，Vol． 38，Suppl． 1: 129--133，June 2016 DOI: 10． 13374 /j． issn2095--9389． 2016． s1． 022; http: / /journals． ustb． edu． cn 模底砖结构对大钢锭充型过程卷渣的影响 张超杰，包燕平，王 敏，张乐辰 北京科技大学钢铁冶金新技术国家重点实验室，北京 100083  通信作者，E-mail: zcj_ustb@ 163． com 摘 要 通过建立 19 t 大钢锭充型过程的流动和传热模型，研究大钢锭充型初期的流场和温度场分布特征，针对一系列不同 尺寸结构模底砖的钢锭模进行充型过程的数值模拟，研究模底砖结构对充型初期钢液面卷渣的影响． 充型初期钢液面波动 大，且凝固层推进快，易发生卷渣并被捕获至坯壳． 当模底砖下口直径小于上口直径时，钢液进入钢锭模的流速主要取决于 模底砖下口直径，并随着下口直径的增大而迅速减小． 对于 19 t 钢锭，当模底砖下口直径大于 90 mm 后能在很大程度上减小 充型初期的卷渣概率． 关键词 钢锭; 卷渣; 充型; 数值模拟 分类号 TF775 + . 1 Influence of entrance nozzle structure on mould powder entrapment during filling process of large steel ingot mould ZHANG Chao-jie，BAO Yan-ping ，WANG Min，ZHANG Le-chen State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy，University of Science and Technology Beijing，Beijing 100083，China  Corresponding author，E-mail: zcj_ustb@ 163． com ABSTＲACT A model for fluid and heat transfer of early stage of filling of a 19 ton ingot mould was built，and the flow and tempera￾ture distribution characteristics during early stage of filling were investigated． Numerical simulations of mould filling with a series of en￾trance nozzles with the different top diameters and bottom diameters were carried out，and the effects of entrance nozzle structure on mould powder entrapment during early stage of filling were investigated． The results show that level fluctuation in molten steel is strong and solidified shell grows fast so that mould powder can be entrapped easily． When top-end interior diameter is larger than bottom-end， the velocity of molten steel stream depends on the bottom-end interior diameter，and decreases with the increasing of op-end interior di￾ameter． As for 19 ton steel ingot，the risk of mould powder entrapment can be greatly decreased when the bottom-end interior diameter is larger than 90 mm． KEY WOＲDS steel ingot; mould powder entrapment; mould filling; numerical simulation 收稿日期: 2016--01--02 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目( 51404018) 在大钢锭下注法浇注过程中，由于保护渣要先铺 在锭尾一部分或者悬挂于较低的位置一部分，而在充 型初期，钢锭模内熔池浅，液面波动大，常常会有保护 渣被卷入钢锭中成为大颗粒夹杂物［1--4］． 卷渣的发生主要受充型过程中钢渣界面的波动、 保护渣的熔化性能、保护渣的加入方式等影响，其中钢 渣界面的波动在很大程度上取决于模底砖的结构． 张 文等［5］使用 ProCAST 模拟了 25 t 大钢锭的浇注及凝固 过程，考察了模底砖孔径对钢水流场的影响． 喻 钟 义［6］针对研究发现扩张性钢锭模模底砖出口断面大， 钢液进入模内流速小． 范鼎东等［7］通过冷态试验发现 将模底砖的孔型由直筒型改为喇叭口型，可以减少大 型夹杂物的数量． 目前还鲜有对于模底砖上口和下口直径之间的具