Closed-loop obstruction Closed-loop obstruction Fixation of bowel loop: Coffee bean sign:gas filled loop Pseudo-tumor:fluid-filled loop U-shaped dilated bowel loop Increasing intra-luminal fluid Beak sign:point of obstruction Whirl sign:twisting of bowel Closed-loop obstruction ◼ Closed-loop obstruction – Fixation of bowel loop: ◼ Coffee bean sign: gas filled loop ◼ Pseudo-tumor: fluid-filled loop ◼ U-shaped dilated bowel loop – Increasing intra-luminal fluid – Beak sign: point of obstruction – Whirl sign: twisting of bowel