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城市学研究2015年第1期 [3 Kiehl J T, Briegleb B P. The relative roles of sulfate aerosols and green house gases in climate forcing [J] Science,1993,260:311-314. [4 Hobbs P V, Reid J S, Kotchen ruther R A, et al. Direct radiative forcing by smoke from biomass cience,1997,275:1776-1778 [5 Li X, Maring H, Savoie D, et al. Dominance of mineral dustin aerosol lights catering in the North Atlantic trade- winds[J]. Na-ture,1996,380:416-419 [6 Tegen I, Holrig P, Chin M, et al. Contribution of different aerosol species to the global aerosol extinction optical thickness: Estimates from model results [J]. Journal Geophysical Research, 1997, 102: 23895-23915 [7] Tegenl, Lacis A A, Fung I. The influence on climate forcing of mineral aerosols from disturbed soils [J].Nature 1996,380:419-422 [8 Satheesh S K, Ramanathan V. Large differences in tropical aerosol forcing at the topoftheatm osphere and earth. ssur- face[J]. Nature,2000,405:60-63 [9 Ramanathan V, Crutzen P J, Kiehl J T, et al. Aerosol, climate, and hydrolo gicalcycle [J].Science,2001 294:2119-2124 [10] Satheesh S K. Aerosol radiative forcing overland: Effect of surface and cloud reflection [J]. Annales Geophysic 2002,20:1-5. [11 Ackerman A S, Toon O B, Stevens D E, et al. Reduction of tropical cloudines by soot [J]. Science, 2000 288:1042-1047 12] Norris J R. Has Northern Indian ocean cloud coverchang eddueto in creasing anthropogenic aerosols? [J].Ge ical Research Letters. 2001. 28. 3271-3274 [13] Charney J. Droughtin the Sahara: Biogeo physical feed back mechanism [J]. Science, 1975, 187: 434-43 Kniveton D R, eds. Linking Climate Change to Land Surface Change [C]. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1999. 1-25 [15] Zhang Renjian(张仁健), Wang mingxing(王明星), Zhang Wen(张文),etal. Physical and chemical char- (气候与环境研究) 266( inChinese) [16 Zhang G, Yi Z, Duce R A, et al. Chemistry of ironinmarin aerosols [J]. Global Biogeo chemical Cycles, 1992 6:161-173 [17] Ye duzheng(叶笃正), Chou Jifan(丑纪范), Liu jiyuan(刘纪远),etal. Causes of sand- stormy weather in Northern China and control measurements[门]. Acta Geogra phica Sinica(地理学报),2000,55:513-521( in Chinese) [18] Zhou Xiuji(周秀骥),Ⅻ u Xiangde(徐祥德), Yan peng(颜鹏),eta. Dynamic characteristics of duststorms In spring,2000[J]. Sciencein China)D(中国科学D辑),2002,32:327-34( in Chinese) [19 Zhang Xiaozhuai(5k/U). Source distributions, emission, transportation, deposition of Asiadust and loess accu- mulation[J]. Quaternary Sciences(第四纪研究),2001,21:209-40( in Chinese) [20] Shen Zhibao(沈志宝), Wei Li(魏丽). The influences of atmo-spheric duston the radiative eating in the earth 260[3] Kiehl J T, Briegleb B P. The relative roles of sulfate aerosols and green house gases in climate forcing [ J]. Science, 1993, 260: 311⁃314. [4] Hobbs P V, Reid J S, Kotchen ruther R A, et al. Direct radiative forcing by smoke from biomass burning [ J]. Science, 1997, 275: 1776⁃1778. [5] Li X, Maring H, Savoie D, et al. Dominance of mineral dustin aerosol lights cattering in the North Atlantic trade⁃ winds [J]. Na⁃ture, 1996, 380: 416⁃419. [6] Tegen I, Holrig P, Chin M, et al. Contribution of different aerosol species to the global aerosol extinction optical thickness: Estimates from model results [J]. Journal Geophysical Research, 1997, 102: 23895⁃23915. [7] TegenI, Lacis A A, Fung I. The influence on climate forcing of mineral aerosols from disturbed soils [J]. Nature, 1996, 380: 419⁃422. [8] Satheesh S K, Ramanathan V. Large differences in tropical aerosol forcing at the topoftheatm osphere and earth. ssur⁃ face [J]. Nature, 2000, 405: 60⁃63. [9] Ramanathan V, Crutzen P J, Kiehl J T, et al. Aerosol, climate, and hydrolo gicalcycle [ J]. Science, 2001, 294: 2119⁃2124. [10] Satheesh S K. Aerosol radiative forcing overland: Effect of surface and cloud reflection [J]. Annales Geophysicae, 2002, 20: 1⁃5. [11] Ackerman A S, Toon O B, Stevens D E, et al. Reduction of tropical cloudines by soot [ J]. Science, 2000, 288: 1042⁃1047. [12] Norris J R. Has Northern Indian ocean cloud coverchang eddueto in creasing anthropogenic aerosols? [J]. Geophys⁃ ical Research Letters, 2001, 28: 3271⁃3274. [13] Charney J. Droughtin the Sahara: Abiogeo physical feed back mechanism [J]. Science, 1975, 187: 434⁃435. [14] Brooks N, Legrand M. Dustvariability over northern Africa and rainfallin the Sahel [ A]. In: McLaren S J, Kniveton D R, eds. Linking Climate Change to Land Surface Change [C]. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1999. 1⁃25. [15] Zhang Renjian (张仁健), Wang Mingxing (王明星), Zhang Wen (张文), et al. Physical and chemical char⁃ acteri stics of duststorms in spring, 2000 [J]. Climatic and Environmental re⁃search (气候与环境研究), 2000, 5: 259⁃ 266 (inChinese). [16] Zhang G, Yi Z, Duce R A, et al. Chemistry of ironinmarin eaerosols [J]. Global Biogeo chemical Cycles, 1992, 6: 161⁃173. [17] Ye Duzheng (叶笃正), Chou Jifan (丑纪范), Liu Jiyuan (刘纪远), et al. Causes of sand⁃stormy weather in Northern China and control measurements [J]. Acta Geogra phica Sinica (地理学报), 2000, 55: 513⁃521 (in Chinese). [18] Zhou Xiuji (周秀骥), Xu Xiangde (徐祥德), Yan Peng (颜鹏), et al. Dynamic characteristics of duststorms in spring, 2000 [J]. Sciencein China) D (中国科学 D 辑), 2002, 32: 327⁃334 (in Chinese). [19] Zhang Xiaozhuai (张小曳). Source distributions, emission, transportation, deposition of Asiadust and loess accu⁃ mulation [J]. Quaternary Sciences (第四纪研究), 2001, 21: 29⁃40 (inChinese). [20] Shen Zhibao (沈志宝), Wei Li (魏丽). The influences of atmo⁃spheric duston the radiativeh eating in the earth⁃ ·260· 城 市 学 研 究 2015 年第 1 期
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