Optical networks Ever-increasing demand for higher bandwidth o Bandwidth intensive applications-voice over IP, video-on-demand Fast increasing number of Internet users Internet Users In the World Growth1995-2010 Solution: Optical data communication 1093 Use circuit switching( CS)& packet switching(PS) 248 Drawbacks 1990 0002005201 2015 Year CS: low bandwidth efficiency PS: buffer high energy consumingOptical networks 4  Ever-increasing demand for higher bandwidth  Bandwidth intensive applications – voice over IP, video-on-demand  Fast increasing number of Internet users  Solution: Optical data communication  Use circuit switching (CS) & packet switching (PS) Drawbacks: CS: low bandwidth efficiency PS: buffer & high energy consuming 16 36 70 147 248 361 513 587 719 817 1018 1093 1262 1400 1530 1650 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Millions of Users Year Internet Users In the World Growth 1995-2010