工程科学学报，第41卷，第1期：22-42,2019年1月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.41,No.I:22-42,January 2019 DOI:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.01.003:http://journals.ustb.edu.cn 纯电动车用锂离子电池发展现状与研究进展 安富强2)，赵洪量)，程志2)，邱继一承2)，周伟男12)，李平1)四 1)北京科技大学新材料技术研究院，北京1000832)北京智行鸿远汽车有限公司，北京102202 ☒通信作者，E-mail:lipinge@usth.edu.cn 摘要现阶段，锂离子电池已经成为电动汽车最重要的动力源，其发展经历了三代技术的发展（钴酸锂正极为第一代，锰酸 锂和磷酸铁锂为第二代，三元技术为第三代).随着正负极材料向着更高克容量的方向发展和安全性技术的日渐成熟、完善， 更高能量密度的电芯技术正在从实验室走向产业化.。本文从锂离子电池产学研结合的角度，从电池正负极材料，电池设计和 生产工艺来分析动力电池行业最新动态和科学研究的前沿成果，并结合市场需求与政策导向来阐述动力电池的发展方向和 技术路线的实现途径。 关键词电动汽车；锂离子电池；三元材料；硅基负极；电池设计；电池工艺 分类号U469.7 Development status and research progress of power battery for pure electric vehicles AN Fu-qiang'2,ZHAO Hong-liang?,CHENG Zhi,QIU JI Yi-cheng),ZHOU Wei-nan'2),LI Ping 1)School of Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China 2)Beijing iDrive Automotive Co.Lid,Beijing 102202,China Corresponding author,E-mail:liping@ustb.edu.cn ABSTRACT Compared to the traditional electrochemical power source,lithium ion batteries (LIBs)have the advantages of higher energy density,longer life,and absence of any memory effect,and thus have attracted widespread research interest around the world. After Sony Inc.invented and produced the first commercial 18650 cell,many domestic and international research centers and compa- nies have promoted the industrialization of LIBs.With the development of LIB technology,its application scope has extended from tra- ditional consumer electronics to the new energy vehicles (NEVs)and energy storage fields.NEVs include pure electric vehicles (PEVs),hybrid electric vehicles(HEVs),and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs).LIBs have been the main driving force for PEVs to date,and their cathode technology development process has had three generations,i.e.,the first using LiCo0,,the second u- sing LiMn2O,and LiFePO,,and the third generation using Li(Ni,Co,Mn)O2.With the development of cathode and anode materials with higher capacities and the increased reliability of LIB safety technology including separators with higher temperature resistance,e- lectrolytes with higher voltage resistance,and other protection methods),cells with higher energy densities and longer lives can be de- veloped and applied in the future.These improvements will enable PEVs to travel longer distances,which is the most critical issue to customers.This paper provides a review of the development status of the power battery industry and an analysis of the direction of LIB technology with respect to the following:(1)the cathode/anode materials used,including the higher Ni content in Li(Ni,Co,Mn)02, along with its structural modification,and the stability of silicon and improvements in its efficiency and cycle life;(2)the design tech- nology,including the electrode and structure designs developed using simulation technology,theoretical modeling,and experimental methods based on Taguchi design;and (3)advances in process technology,including mixing and coating processes.Based on the above information,a clear picture of the technical direction was provided for LIBs in the PEV field. 收稿日期：2018-05-29 基金项目：中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2018M631335):中央高校基本科研资助项目(FRF-TP-18024A1)工程科学学报,第 41 卷,第 1 期:22鄄鄄42,2019 年 1 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering, Vol. 41, No. 1: 22鄄鄄42, January 2019 DOI: 10. 13374 / j. issn2095鄄鄄9389. 2019. 01. 003; http: / / journals. ustb. edu. cn 纯电动车用锂离子电池发展现状与研究进展 安富强1,2) , 赵洪量2) , 程 志2) , 邱继一承2) , 周伟男1,2) , 李 平1) 苣 1) 北京科技大学新材料技术研究院, 北京 100083 2) 北京智行鸿远汽车有限公司, 北京 102202 苣 通信作者, E鄄mail: liping@ ustb. edu. cn 摘 要 现阶段,锂离子电池已经成为电动汽车最重要的动力源,其发展经历了三代技术的发展(钴酸锂正极为第一代,锰酸 锂和磷酸铁锂为第二代,三元技术为第三代). 随着正负极材料向着更高克容量的方向发展和安全性技术的日渐成熟、完善, 更高能量密度的电芯技术正在从实验室走向产业化. 本文从锂离子电池产学研结合的角度,从电池正负极材料,电池设计和 生产工艺来分析动力电池行业最新动态和科学研究的前沿成果,并结合市场需求与政策导向来阐述动力电池的发展方向和 技术路线的实现途径. 关键词 电动汽车; 锂离子电池; 三元材料; 硅基负极; 电池设计; 电池工艺 分类号 U469. 7 收稿日期: 2018鄄鄄05鄄鄄29 基金项目: 中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2018M631335);中央高校基本科研资助项目(FRF鄄TP鄄18鄄024A1) Development status and research progress of power battery for pure electric vehicles AN Fu鄄qiang 1,2) , ZHAO Hong鄄liang 2) , CHENG Zhi 2) , QIU JI Yi鄄cheng 2) , ZHOU Wei鄄nan 1,2) , LI Ping 1) 苣 1) School of Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China 2) Beijing iDrive Automotive Co. Ltd, Beijing 102202, China 苣 Corresponding author, E鄄mail: liping@ ustb. edu. cn ABSTRACT Compared to the traditional electrochemical power source, lithium ion batteries (LIBs) have the advantages of higher energy density, longer life, and absence of any memory effect, and thus have attracted widespread research interest around the world. After Sony Inc. invented and produced the first commercial 18650 cell, many domestic and international research centers and compa鄄 nies have promoted the industrialization of LIBs. With the development of LIB technology, its application scope has extended from tra鄄 ditional consumer electronics to the new energy vehicles ( NEVs) and energy storage fields. NEVs include pure electric vehicles (PEVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), and plug鄄in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). LIBs have been the main driving force for PEVs to date, and their cathode technology development process has had three generations, i. e. , the first using LiCoO2 , the second u鄄 sing LiMn2O4 and LiFePO4 , and the third generation using Li(Ni xCoyMn1鄄x鄄y)O2 . With the development of cathode and anode materials with higher capacities and the increased reliability of LIB safety technology (including separators with higher temperature resistance, e鄄 lectrolytes with higher voltage resistance, and other protection methods), cells with higher energy densities and longer lives can be de鄄 veloped and applied in the future. These improvements will enable PEVs to travel longer distances, which is the most critical issue to customers. This paper provides a review of the development status of the power battery industry and an analysis of the direction of LIB technology with respect to the following: (1) the cathode / anode materials used, including the higher Ni content in Li(Ni xCoyMn1鄄x鄄y)O2 , along with its structural modification, and the stability of silicon and improvements in its efficiency and cycle life; (2) the design tech鄄 nology, including the electrode and structure designs developed using simulation technology, theoretical modeling, and experimental methods based on Taguchi design; and (3) advances in process technology, including mixing and coating processes. Based on the above information, a clear picture of the technical direction was provided for LIBs in the PEV field