336 STEIGER.ALLEMAND.ROBINS.AND FEND Metalsky.G.L Joincr.T.E.Hardin.T.S&Abra so.LY.(1993) nd se and ch M.Bee M Dusi.D..Maes,.A&Schonauer 1L2007).E 8-46.do Murray.S. 20051. clos lson.R.J afer.M.H.(2012). .U.(2013).Does analysis of longitudinal Mungn-2010)p 392240 205. 6502 2010. On tively dn in do &Schmitt,M al beh 20091.1 72 78.dot10.1037 15922 self-e R le-span d 021271-1288o101037 wiki,K.H.Robins.R.W.Roberts.B.W.&Caspi.A.(2003) 00255 2006.Pa ange in pe ity trai .CK a.A..Ryff.C.D.. R.W..Hen K.H()Meas K (2012 Findings froo 51-161 m in relati and Social Pychology.185-197. R W T M.B.( che.P.&Schneewind.K.A.(19).Entwicklung eines Frageb ins R W T K H.&Schriber.R.A (2008)As A..Shope.J.T.Dic n.T.E wski,K.H A 434diI0.1037082.79747.3422Metalsky, G. I., Joiner, T. E., Hardin, T. S., & Abramson, L. Y. (1993). Depressive reactions to failure in a naturalistic setting: A test of the hopelessness and self-esteem theories of depression. Journal of Abnor￾mal Psychology, 102, 101–109. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.102.1.101 Mroczek, D. K., & Little, T. D. (2006). Handbook of personality develop￾ment. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum. Mroczek, D. K., & Spiro, A., III. (2003). Modeling intraindividual change in personality traits: Findings from the Normative Aging Study. Journal of Gerontology B: Psychological Sciences, 58, 153–165. Mroczek, D. K., & Spiro, A., III. (2005). Change in life satisfaction during adulthood: Findings from the veterans affairs normative aging study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 88, 189 –202. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.88.1.189 Mroczek, D. K., & Spiro, A., III. (2007). Personality change infuences mortality in older men. Psychological Science, 18, 371–376. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01907.x Murray, S. L. (2005). Regulating the risks of closeness: A relationship￾specific sense of felt security. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14, 74 –78. doi:10.1111/j.0963-7214.2005.00338.x Mustillo, S. A., Hendrix, K. L., & Schafer, M. H. (2012). Trajectories of body mass and self-concept in black and white girls: The lingering effects of stigma. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 53, 2–16. doi:10.1177/0022146511419205 Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. (1998 –2010). Mplus user’s guide. Los Angeles, CA: Author. O’Dea, J. A. (2006). Self-concept, self-esteem and body weight in adoles￾cent females: A three-year longitudinal study. Journal of Health Psy￾chology, 11, 599 – 611. doi:10.1177/1359105306065020 Orth, U., & Robins, R. W. (2012). Understanding the link between low self-esteem and depression. Manuscript submitted for publication. Orth, U., Robins, R. W., & Roberts, B. W. (2008). Low self-esteem prospectively predicts depression in adolescence and young adulthood. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95, 695–708. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.95.3.695 Orth, U., Robins, R. W., Trzesniewski, K. H., Maes, J., & Schmitt, M. (2009). Low self-esteem is a risk factor for depressive symptoms from young adulthood to old age. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 118, 472– 478. doi:10.1037/a0015922 Orth, U., Robins, R. W., & Widaman, K. F. (2012). Life-span development of self-esteem and its effects on important life outcomes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 102, 1271–1288. doi:10.1037/ a0025558 Roberts, B. W., Walton, K., & Viechtbauer, W. (2006). Patterns of mean￾level change in personality traits across the life course: A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Psychological Bulletin, 132, 1–25. Robins, R. W., Hendin, H. M., & Trzesniewski, K. H. (2001). Measuring global self-esteem: Construct validation of a single-item measure and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Personality and Social Psychology Bul￾letin, 27, 151–161. Robins, R. W., & Trzesniewski, K. H. (2005). Self-esteem development across the lifespan. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14, 158 –162. doi:10.1111/j.0963-7214.2005.00353.x Robins, R. W., Trzesniewski, K. H., & Donnellan, M. B. (2012). A primer on self-esteem. Prevention Researcher, 19, 3–7. Robins, R. W., Trzesniewski, K. H., & Schriber, R. A. (2008). Assessing self-esteem. In F. T. L. Leong (Ed.), Encyclopedia of counseling (pp. 421– 424). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Robins, R. W., Trzesniewski, K. H., Tracy, J. L., Gosling, S. D., & Potter, J. (2002). Global self-esteem across the life span. Psychology and Aging, 17, 423– 434. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.17.3.423 Rohde, P., Lewinsohn, P. M., & Seeley, J. R. (1990). Are people changed by the experience of having an episode of depression? A further test of the scar hypothesis. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 99, 264 –271. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.99.3.264 Rosenberg, M. (1979). Conceiving the self. New York, NY: Basic Books. Schafer, R. B., Wickrama, K. A. S., & Keith, P. M. (1998). Stress in marital interaction and change in depression: A longitudinal analysis. Journal of Family Issues, 19, 578 –594. Schmitt, M., Beckmann, M., Dusi, D., Maes, J., Schiller, A., & Schonauer, K. (2003). Messgüte des vereinfachten Beck-Depressions-Inventars (BDI-V) [Reliability and validity of the simplified version of the Beck￾Depression-Inventory (BDI-V)]. Diagnostica, 49, 147–156. doi: 10.1026//0012-1924.49.4.147 Schmitt, M., & Maes, J. (2000). Vorschlag zur Vereinfachung des Beck￾Depressions-Inventar (BDI) [Recommendation of a simplification of the Beck-Depression-Inventory (BDI)]. Diagnostica, 46, 38 – 46. doi: 10.1026//0012-1924.46.1.38 Shavelson, R. J., Hubner, J. J., & Stanton, G. (1976). Self-concept: Vali￾dation of construct interpretations. Review of Educational Research, 46, 407– 441. doi:10.3102/00346543046003407 Sowislo, J. F., & Orth, U. (2013). Does low self-esteem predict depression and anxiety? A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Psychological Bulletin, 139, 213–240. Steinberg, L. (2005). Cognitive and affective development in adolescence. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 9, 69 –74. doi:10.1016/j.tics.2004.12.005 Steinberg, L. (2008). Adolescence. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Thomaes, S., Reijntjes, A., Orobio de Castro, B., Bushman, B. J., Poor￾thuis, A., & Telch, M. J. (2010). I like me if you like me: On the interpersonal modulation and regulation of preadolescents’ state self￾esteem. Child Development, 81, 811– 825. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624 .2010.01435.x Trzesniewski, K. H., Donnellan, M. B., Moffitt, T. E., Robins, R. W., Poulton, R., & Caspi, A. (2006). Low self-esteem during adolescence predicts poor health, criminal behavior, and limited economic prospects during adulthood. Developmental Psychology, 42, 381–390. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.42.2.381 Trzesniewski, K. H., Donnellan, M. B., & Robins, R. W. (2003). Stability of self-esteem across the life span. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 205–220. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.84.1.205 Trzesniewski, K. H., Robins, R. W., Roberts, B. W., & Caspi, A. (2003). Personality and self-esteem development across the life span. Advances in Cell Aging und Gerontology, 15, 163–185. doi:10.1016/S1566- 3124(03)15006-7 Turiano, N. A., Pitzer, L., Armour, C., Karlamangla, A., Ryff, C. D., & Mroczek, D. K. (2012). Personality trait level and change as predictors of health outcomes: Findings from a National Study of Americans (MIDUS). Journal of Gerontology B: Psychological Sciences, 67, 4 –12. Watson, D., Suls, J., & Haig, J. (2002). Global self-esteem in relation to structural models of personality and affectivity. Journal of Per￾sonality and Social Psychology, 83, 185–197. doi:10.1037/0022- 3514.83.1.185 Wünsche, P., & Schneewind, K. A. (1989). Entwicklung eines Fragebo￾gens zur Erfassung von Selbst- und Kompetenzeinschätzungen bei Kindern (FSK-K) [Development of a questionnaire for self-and competence-appraisals in children]. Diagnostica, 35, 217–235. Zimmerman, M. A., Copeland, L. A., Shope, J. T., & Dielman, T. E. (1997). A longitudinal study of self-esteem: Implications for adolescent development. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 26, 117–141. doi: 10.1023/A:1024596313925 This document is copyrighted by the American Psychological Association or one of its allied publishers. This article is intended solely for the personal use of the individual user and is not to be disseminated broadly. 336 STEIGER, ALLEMAND, ROBINS, AND FEND