Quiz Q2 Answer S.J.T.U. Phase Transformation and Applications 1ol理想气体等压膨胀到状态2,求Q,W,△U,△H。若将理想气体先等容加热到状态3, 然后再等温(可逆)膨胀到状态2,求Q,W,△U,△H,并与直接从1到2的途径相比较。 1mol理想气体直接从1到2等压膨胀 1mol理想气体从1到3等容加热 功:P外×(V2V)=-R(T2T) 功:W1=0 焓变:CpX(T2T) 焓变:△H1=CpX(T2T) 内能变化:CvX(T2T) 内能变化:△U1=Cv×(T2-T1) 热:Q=AU-W=CvX(T2-T+R(T2T)尸Cp×(T2T1) 热:Q1=AU-W=Cv×(T2T1) P↑3(V1,T2) 1mol理想气体从3到2(可逆)等温膨胀 △U2=0,△H2=0 PdV=PdV Q2=△U2-W2 2=-所naw=gaw=-mn 1(VT) 2(V2,T2) SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring 2007 ©X.J.Jin Lecture 8 Chemical equilibriumPhase Transformation and Applications S. J. T. U. SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring 2007 © X. J. Jin Lecture 8 Chemical equilibrium Quiz Q2 Answer 2 (V2,T2 1 (V ) 1,T1) 3 (V1,T2 P ) V 1 mol 理想气体直接从1到2等压膨胀 功:-P外×(V2-V1)=-R (T2-T1) 焓变:Cp×(T2-T1) 内能变化:CV×(T2-T1) 热:Q=ΔU-W= CV×(T2-T1)+ R (T2-T1)= Cp×(T2-T1) 1mol 理想气体等压膨胀到状态2,求Q,W,ΔU,ΔH。若将理想气体先等容加热到状态3, 然后再等温(可逆)膨胀到状态2,求Q,W,ΔU,ΔH,并与直接从1到2的途径相比较。 1 mol 理想气体从1到3等容加热 功:W1=0 焓变: ΔH1 = Cp×(T2-T1) 内能变化: ΔU1= CV×(T2-T1) 热:Q1=ΔU-W= CV×(T2-T1) 1 mol 理想气体从3到2 (可逆)等温膨胀 ΔU2=0, ΔH2=0 P外dV=PdV Q2=ΔU2-W2 ∫∫ −=−= −= 21 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 ln V V V V V V RTdV V RT W pdV