2018 USA Physics Olympiad Exam Cover Sheet 2 AAPT UNITED STATES PHYSICS TEAM AIP 2018 USA Physics Olympiad Exam INSTRUCTIONS DO NOT OPEN THIS TEST UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO BEGIN Work Part A first.You have 90 minutes to complete all three problems.Each question is worth 25 points.Do not look at Part B during this time. After you have completed Part A you may take a break. Then work Part B.You have 90 minutes to complete three problems.Each question is worth 25 points.Do not look at Part A during this time. Show all your work.Partial credit will be given.Do not write on the back of any page.Do not write anything that you wish graded on the question sheets. Start each question on a new sheet of paper.Put your AAPT ID number,your proctor's AAPT ID number,the question number and the page number/total pages for this problem, in the upper right hand corner of each page.For example, Student AAPT ID# Proctor AAPT ID# A1-1/3 A hand-held calculator may be used.Its memory must be cleared of data and programs.You may use only the basic functions found on a simple scientific calculator.Calculators may not be shared.Cell phones,PDA's or cameras may not be used during the exam or while the exam papers are present.You may not use any tables,books,or collections of formulas. Questions with the same point value are not necessarily of the same difficulty. In order to maintain exam security,do not communicate any information about the questions (or their answers/solutions)on this contest until after April 13, 2018. Possibly Useful Information.You may use this sheet for both parts of the exam. g=9.8 N/kg G=6.67×10-11N·m2/kg2 k=1/4πe0=8.99×109N.m2/C2 km=40/4r=10-7T·m/A c=3.00×103m/s kB=1.38×10-23J/K NA=6.02×1023(mol)-1 R=NAkB =8.31 J/(mol.K) o=5.67×10-8J/(s·m2.K4) e=1.602×10-19C 1eV=1.602×10-19J h=6.63×10-34J.s=4.14×10-15eV.s me =9.109 x 10-31 kg=0.511 MeV/c2 (1+x)m1+nx for <1 sin0≈0-03forl0l<1 cos0≈1-号02forl0l<1 Copyright C2018 American Association of Physics Teachers2018 USA Physics Olympiad Exam Cover Sheet 2 AAPT AIP 2018 UNITED STATES PHYSICS TEAM USA Physics Olympiad Exam INSTRUCTIONS DO NOT OPEN THIS TEST UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO BEGIN • Work Part A first. You have 90 minutes to complete all three problems. Each question is worth 25 points. Do not look at Part B during this time. • After you have completed Part A you may take a break. • Then work Part B. You have 90 minutes to complete three problems. Each question is worth 25 points. Do not look at Part A during this time. • Show all your work. Partial credit will be given. Do not write on the back of any page. Do not write anything that you wish graded on the question sheets. • Start each question on a new sheet of paper. Put your AAPT ID number, your proctor’s AAPT ID number, the question number and the page number/total pages for this problem, in the upper right hand corner of each page. For example, Student AAPT ID # Proctor AAPT ID # A1 - 1/3 • A hand-held calculator may be used. Its memory must be cleared of data and programs. You may use only the basic functions found on a simple scientific calculator. Calculators may not be shared. Cell phones, PDA’s or cameras may not be used during the exam or while the exam papers are present. You may not use any tables, books, or collections of formulas. • Questions with the same point value are not necessarily of the same difficulty. • In order to maintain exam security, do not communicate any information about the questions (or their answers/solutions) on this contest until after April 13, 2018. Possibly Useful Information. You may use this sheet for both parts of the exam. g = 9.8 N/kg G = 6.67 × 10−11 N · m2/kg2 k = 1/4π0 = 8.99 × 109 N · m2/C 2 km = µ0/4π = 10−7 T · m/A c = 3.00 × 108 m/s kB = 1.38 × 10−23 J/K NA = 6.02 × 1023 (mol)−1 R = NAkB = 8.31 J/(mol · K) σ = 5.67 × 10−8 J/(s · m2 · K4 ) e = 1.602 × 10−19 C 1 eV = 1.602 × 10−19 J h = 6.63 × 10−34 J · s = 4.14 × 10−15 eV · s me = 9.109 × 10−31 kg = 0.511 MeV/c 2 (1 + x) n ≈ 1 + nx for |x|  1 sin θ ≈ θ − 1 6 θ 3 for |θ|  1 cos θ ≈ 1 − 1 2 θ 2 for |θ|  1 Copyright c 2018 American Association of Physics Teachers