尹升华等：不同孔隙比下风化壳淋积型稀土矿强度特性 ·165· (肖燕飞，黄小卫，冯宗玉，等.离子吸附型稀土矿绿色提取 3结论 技术研究进展.稀土，2015,36(3)：109) (1)风化壳淋积型稀土矿试样剪应力随剪位移 [9]Wei J P,Wang H N.Yan J B.Environmental damages and con- trol measures in exploiting ion-absorbed rare earth of South China. 的增大呈类抛物线变化，存在剪应力峰值，峰值过后 Nonferrous Met Sci Eng,2016,7(1):125 剪应力随剪位移的变大而逐渐减小：相同正应力条 (魏娟萍，王海宁，晏江波.南方离子型稀土矿开采的环境损 件下，矿块剪应力峰值τ与孔隙比e呈负相关变化 伤及防治.有色金属科学与工程，2016,7(1)：125) 关系 [10]Wang X L.Experimental Study on Ore Body Structure of lon-ad- (2)分析不同正应力条件下的剪应力，得到了 sorption Type Rare-earths in Leaching and its Applications [Dis- 不同孔隙比试样抗剪强度指标(c、p值)，结果表明 sertation].Ganzhou:Jiangxi University of Science and Technolo- y,2015 抗剪强度指标均随孔隙比e增大而减小. (王小玲.浸矿对离子型稀土矿体结构影响的试验研究及其 (3)探讨了风化壳淋积型稀土矿黏聚力c、内摩 应用[学位论文].赣州：江西理工大学，2015) 擦角p与孔隙比e的对应关系，结果表明c与e呈 [11]Rao R,Li M C,Zhang S B,et al.Experimental study on land- 非线性变化关系，而p与e呈线性 slide features and countermeasures of in-situ leaching stope of (4)分析认为孔隙演化对强度影响的主要原因 ion-type rare earth mines.Chin Rare Earths,2016,37(6):26 (饶容，李明才，张树标，等.离子型稀土原地浸矿采场滑坡 是孔隙比的变化会影响颗粒间的公共结合水膜，使 特征及防控试验研究.稀土，2016,37(6)：26) 得结合水膜对颗粒的黏结效果变化.同时，颗粒间 [12]Wu C F,Yao G J,Chen L,et al.Slope stability analysis for a 接触点数目的变化也会影响胶结物胶结作用和颗粒 ionic rare earth mine in-situ leaching based on Geo-Studio.Chin 间咬合作用，进而影响矿体强度 J Geological Hazard Control,2016,27(2):72 (邬长福，姚贵佳，陈亮，等.基于Geo-Studio的离子型稀土 矿边坡稳定性分析.中国地质灾害与防治学报，2016,27 参考文献 (2):72) [1]Chi R A,Tian J.Weathered Crust Elution-Deposited Rare Earth [13]Wang H D,Wang G S,Qiu G L,et al.Research into strength Mineral Chemical Metallurgy.Beijing:Science Press,2006 characteristics for ion-adsorption rare earth ore.China Min Mag, (池汝安，田君.风化壳淋积型稀土矿化工治金.北京：科学 2016.25(9):136 出版社，2006) (王洪丁，王观石，邱高磊，等.离子型稀土矿体强度特性试 [2]Chi R A,Tian J.Review of weathered crust rare earth ore.J Chin 验研究.中国矿业，2016,25(9)：136) Rare Earth Soc,2007,25(6):641 [14]Yin S H,Wu A X,Hu K J,et al.Solute transportation mecha- (池汝安，田君.风化壳淋积型稀土矿评述.中国稀土学报， nism of heap leaching and its influencing factors.Cent S Univ 2007,25(6):641) Sci Technol,2011,42(4):1092 [3]Chi R A,Tian J.Li Z J,et al.Existing state and partitioning of (尹升华，吴爱祥，胡凯建，等.堆浸过程中溶质运移机制及 rare earth on weathered ores.J Rare Earths,2005,23(6):756 影响因素.中南大学学报（自然科学版），2011,42(4)： [4]Moldoveanu G A,Papangelakis V G.Recovery of rare earth ele- 1092) ments adsorbed on clay minerals:I.Desorption mechanism. [15]Wang H D,Wang G S,Hu S L,et al.Pore size distribution and Hydrometall.2012,117-118:71 permeability variation of ion-adsorption rare-earth ore sample.Sci [5]Liu K,Deng X Y,Zuo X H.Leaching process and development Technol Eng,2016,16(25):51 trend of weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore.J Hubei (王洪丁，王观石，胡世丽，等.离子型稀土矿体孔径分布及 Polytech Univ,2013,29(2):32 其渗透性变化.科学技术与工程，2016,16(25)：51) (刘凯，邓祥义，左小华.风化壳淋积型稀土矿浸取工艺及其 [16]Zhu X Y,Hu W K,Xing Q T,et al.Shear property of Yellow 发展趋势.湖北理工学院学报，2013,29(2)：32) River's desposition in unsaturated and high plastic clay.J Shan- [6]Luo X P.Weng CJ.Xu J,et al.Research progress on and devel- dong Univ Eng Sci,2016,46(1):62 opment trend of exploitation technique of ion-absorbed type rare (祝学勇，胡文凯，邢庆涛，等.黄河冲淤积非饱和高塑性黏 earth ore.Met Min,2014(6):83 土的抗剪性状.山东大学学报（工学版），2016,46(1)：62) (罗仙平，翁存建，徐品，等.离子型稀土矿开发技术研究进 [17]Yang D H,Yan R T,Wei C F,et al.A study of water chemical 展及发展方向.金属矿山，2014(6)：83) sensitivity of strength indices of silty clay.Rock Soil Mech,2016, [7]Moldoveanu G A,Papangelakis V G.An overview of rare-earth re- 37(12):3529 covery by ion-exchange leaching from ion-adsorption clays of vari- (杨德欢，颜荣涛，韦昌富，等.粉质黏土强度指标的水化学 ous origins.Mineralogical Mag,2016,80(1):63 敏感性研究.岩土力学，2016,37(12)：3529) [8 Xiao Y F,Huang X W,Feng Z Y,et al.Progress in the green ex- [18]Mishra A K,Ohtsubo M,Li L Y,et al.Influence of various fac traction technology for rare earth from ion-adsorption type rare tors on the difference in the liquid limit values determined by earths ore.Chin Rare Earths,2015,36(3):109 Casagrande's and fall cone method.Environ Earth Sci,2012,65尹升华等: 不同孔隙比下风化壳淋积型稀土矿强度特性 3 结论 (1)风化壳淋积型稀土矿试样剪应力随剪位移 的增大呈类抛物线变化,存在剪应力峰值,峰值过后 剪应力随剪位移的变大而逐渐减小;相同正应力条 件下,矿块剪应力峰值 子f与孔隙比 e 呈负相关变化 关系. (2)分析不同正应力条件下的剪应力,得到了 不同孔隙比试样抗剪强度指标( c、渍 值),结果表明 抗剪强度指标均随孔隙比 e 增大而减小. (3)探讨了风化壳淋积型稀土矿黏聚力 c、内摩 擦角 渍 与孔隙比 e 的对应关系,结果表明 c 与 e 呈 非线性变化关系,而 渍 与 e 呈线性. (4)分析认为孔隙演化对强度影响的主要原因 是孔隙比的变化会影响颗粒间的公共结合水膜,使 得结合水膜对颗粒的黏结效果变化. 同时,颗粒间 接触点数目的变化也会影响胶结物胶结作用和颗粒 间咬合作用,进而影响矿体强度. 参 考 文 献 [1] Chi R A, Tian J. Weathered Crust Elution鄄Deposited Rare Earth Mineral Chemical Metallurgy. Beijing: Science Press, 2006 (池汝安, 田君. 风化壳淋积型稀土矿化工冶金. 北京: 科学 出版社, 2006) [2] Chi R A, Tian J. Review of weathered crust rare earth ore. J Chin Rare Earth Soc, 2007, 25(6): 641 (池汝安, 田君. 风化壳淋积型稀土矿评述. 中国稀土学报, 2007, 25(6): 641) [3] Chi R A, Tian J, Li Z J, et al. Existing state and partitioning of rare earth on weathered ores. J Rare Earths, 2005, 23(6): 756 [4] Moldoveanu G A, Papangelakis V G. Recovery of rare earth ele鄄 ments adsorbed on clay minerals: I. Desorption mechanism. Hydrometall, 2012, 117鄄118: 71 [5] Liu K, Deng X Y, Zuo X H. Leaching process and development trend of weathered crust elution鄄deposited rare earth ore. J Hubei Polytech Univ, 2013, 29(2): 32 (刘凯, 邓祥义, 左小华. 风化壳淋积型稀土矿浸取工艺及其 发展趋势. 湖北理工学院学报, 2013, 29(2): 32) [6] Luo X P, Weng C J, Xu J, et al. Research progress on and devel鄄 opment trend of exploitation technique of ion鄄absorbed type rare earth ore. Met Min, 2014(6): 83 (罗仙平, 翁存建, 徐晶, 等. 离子型稀土矿开发技术研究进 展及发展方向. 金属矿山, 2014(6): 83) [7] Moldoveanu G A, Papangelakis V G. An overview of rare鄄earth re鄄 covery by ion鄄exchange leaching from ion鄄adsorption clays of vari鄄 ous origins. Mineralogical Mag, 2016, 80(1): 63 [8] Xiao Y F, Huang X W, Feng Z Y, et al. Progress in the green ex鄄 traction technology for rare earth from ion鄄adsorption type rare earths ore. Chin Rare Earths, 2015, 36(3): 109 (肖燕飞, 黄小卫, 冯宗玉, 等. 离子吸附型稀土矿绿色提取 技术研究进展. 稀土, 2015, 36(3): 109) [9] Wei J P, Wang H N, Yan J B. Environmental damages and con鄄 trol measures in exploiting ion鄄absorbed rare earth of South China. Nonferrous Met Sci Eng, 2016, 7(1): 125 (魏娟萍, 王海宁, 晏江波. 南方离子型稀土矿开采的环境损 伤及防治. 有色金属科学与工程, 2016, 7(1): 125) [10] Wang X L. Experimental Study on Ore Body Structure of Ion鄄ad鄄 sorption Type Rare鄄earths in Leaching and its Applications [Dis鄄 sertation]. Ganzhou: Jiangxi University of Science and Technolo鄄 gy, 2015 (王小玲. 浸矿对离子型稀土矿体结构影响的试验研究及其 应用[学位论文]. 赣州: 江西理工大学, 2015) [11] Rao R, Li M C, Zhang S B, et al. Experimental study on land鄄 slide features and countermeasures of in鄄situ leaching stope of ion鄄type rare earth mines. Chin Rare Earths, 2016, 37(6): 26 (饶睿, 李明才, 张树标, 等. 离子型稀土原地浸矿采场滑坡 特征及防控试验研究. 稀土, 2016, 37(6): 26) [12] Wu C F, Yao G J, Chen L, et al. Slope stability analysis for a ionic rare earth mine in鄄situ leaching based on Geo鄄鄄Studio. Chin J Geological Hazard Control, 2016, 27(2): 72 (邬长福, 姚贵佳, 陈亮, 等. 基于 Geo鄄鄄Studio 的离子型稀土 矿边坡稳定性分析. 中国地质灾害与防治学报, 2016, 27 (2): 72) [13] Wang H D, Wang G S, Qiu G L, et al. Research into strength characteristics for ion鄄adsorption rare earth ore. China Min Mag, 2016, 25(9): 136 (王洪丁, 王观石, 邱高磊, 等. 离子型稀土矿体强度特性试 验研究. 中国矿业, 2016, 25(9): 136) [14] Yin S H, Wu A X, Hu K J, et al. Solute transportation mecha鄄 nism of heap leaching and its influencing factors. J Cent S Univ Sci Technol, 2011, 42(4): 1092 (尹升华, 吴爱祥, 胡凯建, 等. 堆浸过程中溶质运移机制及 影响因素. 中南大学学报( 自然科学版), 2011, 42 ( 4 ): 1092) [15] Wang H D, Wang G S, Hu S L, et al. Pore size distribution and permeability variation of ion鄄adsorption rare鄄earth ore sample. Sci Technol Eng, 2016, 16(25): 51 (王洪丁, 王观石, 胡世丽, 等. 离子型稀土矿体孔径分布及 其渗透性变化. 科学技术与工程, 2016, 16(25): 51) [16] Zhu X Y, Hu W K, Xing Q T, et al. Shear property of Yellow River蒺s desposition in unsaturated and high plastic clay. J Shan鄄 dong Univ Eng Sci, 2016, 46(1): 62 (祝学勇, 胡文凯, 邢庆涛, 等. 黄河冲淤积非饱和高塑性黏 土的抗剪性状. 山东大学学报(工学版), 2016, 46(1): 62) [17] Yang D H, Yan R T, Wei C F, et al. A study of water chemical sensitivity of strength indices of silty clay. Rock Soil Mech, 2016, 37(12): 3529 (杨德欢, 颜荣涛, 韦昌富, 等. 粉质黏土强度指标的水化学 敏感性研究. 岩土力学, 2016, 37(12): 3529) [18] Mishra A K, Ohtsubo M, Li L Y, et al. Influence of various fac鄄 tors on the difference in the liquid limit values determined by Casagrande蒺s and fall cone method. Environ Earth Sci, 2012, 65 ·165·