OHua DONG,Tongji University When writing the abstract: "Remember that it will be published by itself, and should be self-contained.That is,it should contain no bibliographic,figure,or table references...The language should be familiar to the potential reader...Write the paper before you write the abstract,if at all possible.” Ref:C J McGirr(1973)Guidelines for abstracting When writing the abstract: “Remember that it will be published by itself, and should be self-contained. That is, it should contain no bibliographic, figure, or table references…The language should be familiar to the potential reader…Write the paper before you write the abstract, if at all possible.” Ref: C J McGirr (1973) Guidelines for abstracting ©Hua DONG, Tongji University