吴瑞东等:模拟冻结法施工环境对大体积混凝土的性能影响 7 于粉煤灰后期的水化反应,热端的高温促进具有 结法试验研究.岩石力学与工程学报,2021,40(6):1267) 一定的持续作用.所以高温端表现出来的比较致 [6]Ma H Y.Zhu C Q.Zhao P T,et al.Freezing method for rock 密,孔隙少.冷端则水化反应有所抑制,空隙较大 cross-cut coal uncovering:Aging characteristic of effective freezing distance on injecting liquid nitrogen into coal seam.Adv 这种冷端到热端结构的不均匀造成了混凝土宏观 Civ Eng,2021:8870768 性能的下降 [7] Zhang S,Yue Z R.Sun TC,et al.Evolution of ground freezing 3结论 temperature field under sudden seepage with stable flow rate and discriminate method of seepage.JChina Coal Soc,2020,45(12): ()冻结施工环境对于混凝土内部会造成一定 4017 的损伤,且平行于加温方向的损伤要大于垂直方 (张松,岳祖润,孙铁成,等.突发定渗流作用下冻土温度场演化 规律及判别方法.煤炭学报,2020,45(12):4017) 向,C50混凝土的损伤大于C70混凝土,温度梯度 [8]Inada Y,Yokota K.Some studies of low temperature rock 会加剧混凝土内部的损伤 strength.Int J Rock Mech Min Sci Geomech Abstr,1984,21(3): (2)模拟冻结环境会对混凝土抗压强度、劈裂 145 抗拉强度、氯离子渗透性能和冲击倾向性造成不 [9]Shan R L,Liu W J,Chai G J,et al.Experimental study on the 利影响,使抗压强度和劈裂抗拉强度降低,冷端氯 expansion law of local horizontal frozen body under seepage.J 离子渗透系数增大,冲击倾向性指标增大,且这种 China Coal Soc,2019,44(Suppl 2):526 不利影响随着施加温度的温差增大而增大,对于 (单仁亮,刘伟俊,柴高竣,等.渗流作用下局部水平冻结体扩展 规律试验研究.煤炭学报,2019,44增刊2):526) 相同的模拟冻结环境,高强度等级混凝土受到影 [10]Song Y J,Zhang L T,Ren J X,et al.Creep property and model of 响小于低强度等级混凝土 red sandstone under low temperature environment.J China Coal (3)通过电镜扫描,模拟冻结环境对于混凝土 Soc,2020,45(8):2795 试块的内部微观结构有较大的影响,混凝土低温 (宋勇军,张磊涛,任建喜,等.低温环境下红砂岩蠕变特性及其 端结构比较疏松,高温端结构比较致密,这种不均 模型.煤炭学报,2020,45(8):2795) 匀对混凝土性能产生不利影响 [11]Yao Z S,Zhao L X,Cheng H,et al.Optimization design and measurement analysis on inter lining of high strength reinforced 参考文献 concrete frozen shaft lining with deep topsoil.JChina Coal Soc, 2019.44(7):2125 [1]Cai M F,Xue D L,Ren F H.Current status and development (姚直书,赵丽霞,程桦,等.深厚表土层冻结井筒高强钢筋混凝 strategy of metal mines.ChinJ Eng,2019,41(4):417 土内壁设计优化与实测分析.煤炭学报,2019,44(7):2125) (蔡美峰,薛鼎龙,任奋华.金属矿深部开采现状与发展战略.工 [12]Jiao HZ.Sun G D,Chen X M,et al.Development of temperature 程科学学报,2019,41(4):417) field of multi circle freezing wall in deep alluvium.J China Coal [2]Liu L Y,Ji H G,Wang T,et al.Mechanism of country rock Soc,2018,43(Suppl2:443 damage and failure in deep shaft excavation under high pore (焦华枯,孙冠东,陈新明,等.深厚冲积层多圈孔冻结壁温度场 pressure and asymmetric geostress.Chin Eng,2020,42(6):715 发展研究.煤炭学报,2018,43(增刊2)443) (刘力源,纪洪广,王涛,等.高渗透压和不对称围压作用下深竖 [13]Guan H D,Zhou X M,Xu Y,et al.Calculation of the early thermal 井围岩损伤破裂机理.工程科学学报,2020,42(6):715) stress in freezing vertical shaft lining.Met Mine,2018(5):44 [3]Dong J H,Wu X L,Shi L J,et al.Effect of shallow tunnel (管华栋,周晓敏,徐衍,等.冻结立井井壁早期温度应力计算研 construction by horizontal freezing on adjacent orthogonal 究.金属矿山,2018(5):44) subgrades.ChinJ Rock Mech Eng,2020,39(11):2365 [14]Zhou Y Q,Liu WW.Application of granulated copper slag in (董建华,吴晓磊,师利君,等.水平冻结施工浅埋隧道对邻近正 massive concrete under saline soil environment.Constr Build 交路基的作用分析.岩石力学与工程学报,2020,39(11):2365) Mater,2021,266:121165 [4]Zhang J W,Liu S J,Zhang S.Ultrasonic time-frequency [15]Azenha M,Kanavaris F,Schlicke D,et al.Recommendations of characteristics of water-rich fine sand during unidirectional RILEM TC 287-CCS:Thermo-chemo-mechanical modelling of freezing process.ChinJ Rock Mech Eng,2020,39(5):1061 massive concrete structures towards cracking risk assessment. (张基伟,刘书杰,张松.富水细砂单向冻结超声波时频特性研 Mater Struct,2021,54(4):1 究.岩石力学与工程学报,2020,39(5):1061) [16]Feng C Q,Zhao C,Yu X M,et al.A mathematical model of the [5]Gao X J,Li M Y,Zhang J W,et al.Field research on artificial expansion evolution of magnesium oxide in mass concrete based freezing of subway cross passages in water-rich silty clay layers. on hydration characteristics.Materials,2021,14(12):3162 Chin J Rock Mech Eng,2021,40(6):1267 [17]Bakour A,Ftima M B.Experimental investigations on the (郜新军,李铭远,张景伟,等.富水粉质黏土中地铁联络通道冻 asymptotic fracture energy for large mass concrete specimens于粉煤灰后期的水化反应,热端的高温促进具有 一定的持续作用. 所以高温端表现出来的比较致 密,孔隙少. 冷端则水化反应有所抑制,空隙较大. 这种冷端到热端结构的不均匀造成了混凝土宏观 性能的下降. 3 结论 (1) 冻结施工环境对于混凝土内部会造成一定 的损伤,且平行于加温方向的损伤要大于垂直方 向,C50 混凝土的损伤大于 C70 混凝土,温度梯度 会加剧混凝土内部的损伤. (2) 模拟冻结环境会对混凝土抗压强度、劈裂 抗拉强度、氯离子渗透性能和冲击倾向性造成不 利影响,使抗压强度和劈裂抗拉强度降低,冷端氯 离子渗透系数增大,冲击倾向性指标增大,且这种 不利影响随着施加温度的温差增大而增大,对于 相同的模拟冻结环境,高强度等级混凝土受到影 响小于低强度等级混凝土. (3) 通过电镜扫描,模拟冻结环境对于混凝土 试块的内部微观结构有较大的影响,混凝土低温 端结构比较疏松,高温端结构比较致密,这种不均 匀对混凝土性能产生不利影响. 参 考 文 献 Cai M F, Xue D L, Ren F H. Current status and development strategy of metal mines. Chin J Eng, 2019, 41(4): 417 (蔡美峰, 薛鼎龙, 任奋华. 金属矿深部开采现状与发展战略. 工 程科学学报, 2019, 41(4):417) [1] Liu L Y, Ji H G, Wang T, et al. Mechanism of country rock damage and failure in deep shaft excavation under high pore pressure and asymmetric geostress. Chin J Eng, 2020, 42(6): 715 (刘力源, 纪洪广, 王涛, 等. 高渗透压和不对称围压作用下深竖 井围岩损伤破裂机理. 工程科学学报, 2020, 42(6):715) [2] Dong J H, Wu X L, Shi L J, et al. Effect of shallow tunnel construction by horizontal freezing on adjacent orthogonal subgrades. Chin J Rock Mech Eng, 2020, 39(11): 2365 (董建华, 吴晓磊, 师利君, 等. 水平冻结施工浅埋隧道对邻近正 交路基的作用分析. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2020, 39(11):2365) [3] Zhang J W, Liu S J, Zhang S. Ultrasonic time-frequency characteristics of water-rich fine sand during unidirectional freezing process. Chin J Rock Mech Eng, 2020, 39(5): 1061 (张基伟, 刘书杰, 张松. 富水细砂单向冻结超声波时频特性研 究. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2020, 39(5):1061) [4] Gao X J, Li M Y, Zhang J W, et al. Field research on artificial freezing of subway cross passages in water-rich silty clay layers. Chin J Rock Mech Eng, 2021, 40(6): 1267 (郜新军, 李铭远, 张景伟, 等. 富水粉质黏土中地铁联络通道冻 [5] 结法试验研究. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2021, 40(6):1267) Ma H Y, Zhu C Q, Zhao P T, et al. Freezing method for rock cross-cut coal uncovering: Aging characteristic of effective freezing distance on injecting liquid nitrogen into coal seam. Adv Civ Eng, 2021: 8870768 [6] Zhang S, Yue Z R, Sun T C, et al. Evolution of ground freezing temperature field under sudden seepage with stable flow rate and discriminate method of seepage. J China Coal Soc, 2020, 45(12): 4017 (张松, 岳祖润, 孙铁成, 等. 突发定渗流作用下冻土温度场演化 规律及判别方法. 煤炭学报, 2020, 45(12):4017) [7] Inada Y, Yokota K. Some studies of low temperature rock strength. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci Geomech Abstr, 1984, 21(3): 145 [8] Shan R L, Liu W J, Chai G J, et al. Experimental study on the expansion law of local horizontal frozen body under seepage. J China Coal Soc, 2019, 44(Suppl 2): 526 ( 单仁亮, 刘伟俊, 柴高竣, 等. 渗流作用下局部水平冻结体扩展 规律试验研究. 煤炭学报, 2019, 44(增刊2): 526) [9] Song Y J, Zhang L T, Ren J X, et al. Creep property and model of red sandstone under low temperature environment. J China Coal Soc, 2020, 45(8): 2795 (宋勇军, 张磊涛, 任建喜, 等. 低温环境下红砂岩蠕变特性及其 模型. 煤炭学报, 2020, 45(8):2795) [10] Yao Z S, Zhao L X, Cheng H, et al. Optimization design and measurement analysis on inter lining of high strength reinforced concrete frozen shaft lining with deep topsoil. J China Coal Soc, 2019, 44(7): 2125 (姚直书, 赵丽霞, 程桦, 等. 深厚表土层冻结井筒高强钢筋混凝 土内壁设计优化与实测分析. 煤炭学报, 2019, 44(7):2125) [11] Jiao H Z, Sun G D, Chen X M, et al. Development of temperature field of multi circle freezing wall in deep alluvium. J China Coal Soc, 2018, 43(Suppl 2): 443 ( 焦华喆, 孙冠东, 陈新明, 等. 深厚冲积层多圈孔冻结壁温度场 发展研究. 煤炭学报, 2018, 43(增刊2): 443) [12] Guan H D, Zhou X M, Xu Y, et al. Calculation of the early thermal stress in freezing vertical shaft lining. Met Mine, 2018(5): 44 (管华栋, 周晓敏, 徐衍, 等. 冻结立井井壁早期温度应力计算研 究. 金属矿山, 2018(5):44) [13] Zhou Y Q, Liu W W. Application of granulated copper slag in massive concrete under saline soil environment. Constr Build Mater, 2021, 266: 121165 [14] Azenha M, Kanavaris F, Schlicke D, et al. Recommendations of RILEM TC 287-CCS: Thermo-chemo-mechanical modelling of massive concrete structures towards cracking risk assessment. Mater Struct, 2021, 54(4): 1 [15] Feng C Q, Zhao C, Yu X M, et al. A mathematical model of the expansion evolution of magnesium oxide in mass concrete based on hydration characteristics. Materials, 2021, 14(12): 3162 [16] Bakour A, Ftima M B. Experimental investigations on the asymptotic fracture energy for large mass concrete specimens [17] 吴瑞东等: 模拟冻结法施工环境对大体积混凝土的性能影响 · 7 ·