XXVi Index Factor Limit of proportionality 4 1oad13.414 Load of safety 12 alternating I Failure envelope 407 dead l Failure modes 416 fatigue I Failure theories 401 fluctuating l Fatigue 17 impact 1,265 Finite difference method 118 line 411 Fixed-ended beams 140-147 live 1 Fixing moment diagram 115,142,143 shock 1 Flitched beam 70 static 1 Foil gauge 435,437 Load factor 13 Force fits 229 Free length 30-34 Macaulay's method 102 Free-moment diagram 115,142,143 Masonry columns 76 Fringe order 449,450 Material fringe value 450 Fringe pattern 445-456 Maximum principal strain 361-387,404 Fringe value 449,450 Maximum principal stress 330-342.403 Frozen stress technique 454 Maximum shear plane 331 Full bridge circuit 436 Maximum shear stress 329,331,403 Maxwell failure theory 401.404 Gauge Maxwell reciprocal displacement 112 acoustic 444 McClintock method 378 electric resistance 433-444 Modulus strain 434444 buk198,203,363 Gauge factor 436 combined 29 Graphical procedure elasticity 3 stress 332 equivalent 29 thick cylinders 223 rigidity 12,13 Grid technique 456 section 62 Griffith 404 Young's 3 Guest 401 Modular ratio 71 Mohr's modified shear stress theory 404 Haigh 401 Mohr's strain circle 372 Half bridge 436 Mohr's stress circle 332,335 Helical spring Mohr's theory for slope and deflection 108,140,141 close-coiled 299 Moire 456 open-coiled 301 Moment Hogging of beams 42 bending41-56,62-79 Hollow shafts 182 fixing115,142,143 Holography 456 of area 66.68 Hooke's law 3 of resistance 73 Hydrostatic stress 386 Moments,equation of three 115 Hydrostatic stress line 413 Monochromatic light 449 Hysteresis loop 6 Movement of supports 146 Impact loads and stresses 264 Necking 5 Inclined loads 52 Neutral axis 64.66 Increasing loads 100 Neutral surface 67 Inductance gauge 444 Null balance 437 Inflexion,point of 48,146 Interference 445,448 Oblique plane Interference allowance 226 strain on 370 Isochromatic 449 stress on 326 Isoclinic 452 Octahedral shear stress 404 Open-coiled springs 301 Joint efficiency 205 Parallel axis theorem 70 Lame line 223 Parallel connection of shafts 183 Lame theory 217 Parallel set-up 446 Lateral restraint 366 Percentage elongation 8 Leaf spring 309 Percentage reduction in area 8 Light field 446 Permanent set 5XXVl Index Factor load 13, 414 of safety 12 Failure envelope 407 Failure modes 416 Failure theories 401 Fatigue 17 Finite difference method 118 Fixed-ended beams 140-147 Fixing moment diagram Flitched beam 70 Foil gauge 435, 437 Force fits 229 Free length 30-34 Free-moment diagram 115, 142, 143 Fringe order 449, 450 Fringe pattern 445456 Fringe value 449, 450 Frozen stress technique 454 Full bridge circuit 436 Gauge 115, 142, 143 acoustic 444 electric resistance 433-444 strain 43-4 Gauge factor 436 Graphical procedure stress 332 thick cylinders 223 Grid technique 456 Griffith 404 Guest 401 Haigh 401 Half bridge 436 Helical spring close-coiled 299 open-coiled 301 Hogging of beams 42 Hollow shafts 182 Holography 456 Hooke’s law 3 Hydrostatic stress 386 Hydrostatic stress line 413 Hysteresis loop 6 Impact loads and stresses 264 Inclined loads 52 Increasing loads 100 Inductance gauge 444 Inflexion, point of 48, 146 Interference 445, 448 Interference allowance 226 Isochromatic 449 Isoclinic 452 Joint efficiency 205 Lame line 223 Lame theory 217 Lateral restraint 366 Leaf spring 309 Light field 446 Limit of proportionality 4 Load alternating 1 dead 1 fatigue 1 fluctuating 1 impact I, 265 line 411 live 1 shock 1 static 1 Load factor 13 Macaulay’s method 102 Masonry columns 76 Material fringe value 450 Maximum principal strain 361-387, 404 Maximum principal stress 330-342, 403 Maximum shear plane 331 Maximum shear stress 329, 331, 403 Maxwell failure theory 401, 404 Maxwell reciprocal displacement 112 McClintock method 378 Modulus bulk 198, 203, 363 combined 29 elasticity 3 equivalent 29 rigidity 12, 13 section 62 Young’s 3 Modular ratio 71 Mohr’s modified shear stress theory 404 Mohr’s strain circle 372 Mohr’s stress circle 332, 335 Mohr’s theory for slope and deflection Moirt 456 Moment 108, 140, 141 bending 41-56, 62-79 fixing 115, 142, 143 of area 66, 68 of resistance 73 Moments, equation of three 115 Monochromatic light 449 Movement of supports 146 Necking 5 Neutral axis 64, 66 Neutral surface 67 Null balance 437 Oblique plane strain on 370 stress on 326 Octahedral shear stress 404 Open-coiled springs 301 Parallel axis theorem 70 Parallel connection of shafts 183 Parallel set-up 446 Percentage elongation 8 Percentage reduction in area 8 Permanent set 5