replication and gene transfer during conjugation F因子为附加体质粒, F factor 既可以脱离染色体在细胞内独立存在, 也可插入(整合) 到染色体上 ca Figure 14.7 FPlasmid Integration. The reversible integration of an F plasmid or factor into a host bacterial chromosome. The process begins with association between plasmid and bacterial insertion sequences. The O arrowhead (blue-green)indicates the site at which the oriented transfer of chromosome to the recipient cell begins. A, B, l, and 2 represent genetic markers. Integrated F factorF因子为附加体质粒, 既可以脱离染色体在细胞内独立存在， 也可插入（整合） 到染色体上 14