Protein in source Soluble sugars in source mh吗 1机1女 No defoliation effects on soluble protein contents n needles H时 Starch in source Source non-structural lted in an carbohydrates 恤坊 tthe shade site nter at the gap site No defoliation effects on contents of non structural carbohydrates in needles Li MHet l (in prenaration Li MHet al (in prepar C-N ratios in source Physiological responses in sink annn oin 國 MH etnp 11 11 Protein in source 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 Soluble protein contents (%) 0% -9% -27% -46% -71% p>0.05 p>0.05 p>0.05 p>0.05 30% sunlight 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 rotein contents (%) p>0.05 p>0.05 p>0.05 p>0.05 70% sunlight Apr 02 July 02 Oct 02 Oct 03 Defoliation Li MH et al. (in preparation) 0 0.2 0.4 Apr 02 July 02 Oct 02 Oct 03 Soluble pr 0% -9% -27% -46% -71% Defoliation No defoliation effects on soluble protein contents in needles Soluble sugars in source 2 4 6 8 10 12 Needle soluble sugars (%) 0% -9% -27% -46% -71% p>0.05 p>0.05 p>0.05 p>0.05 30% sunlight 8 10 12 14 uble sugars (%) p>0.05 p>0.05 p>0.05 p>0.05 70% sunlight 0 Apr 02 July 02 Oct 02 Oct 03 Defoliation Li MH et al. (in preparation) 0 2 4 6 Apr 02 July 02 Oct 02 Oct 03 Needle solu 0% -9% -27% -46% -71% Defoliation No defoliation effects on soluble sugars contents in needles Starch in source 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 Apr 02 July 02 Oct 02 Oct 03 Needle starch contents (%) 0% -9% -27% -46% -71% Defoliation p>0.05 p>0.05 p>0.05 a a a a b 30% sunlight A severe defoliation resulted in an immediate reduction in starch contents in needles after the defoliation at the shade site Li MH et al. (in preparation) at the shade site 0 5 10 15 20 25 Apr 02 July 02 Oct 02 Oct 03 Needle starch contents (%) 0% -9% -27% -46% -71% Defoliation p>0.05 p>0.05 p>0.05 a a a b c 70% sunlight A severe defoliation caused a reduction in starch storage for winter at the gap site Source non-structural carbohydrates 5 10 15 20 25 Needle NSC contents (%) 0% -9% -27% -46% -71% p>0.05 p>0.05 p>0.05 p>0.05 30% sunlight 15 20 25 30 contents (%) p>0.05 p>0.05 p>0.05 p>0.05 70% sunlight 0 Apr 02 July 02 Oct 02 Oct 03 Defoliation Li MH et al. (in preparation) 0 5 10 15 Apr 02 July 02 Oct 02 Oct 03 Needle NSC 0% -9% -27% -46% -71% Defoliation No defoliation effects on contents of non￾structural carbohydrates in needles C-N ratios in source 10 15 20 25 30 C-N ratio p>0.05 p>0.05 p>0.05 p>0.05 70% of full light intensity 10 15 20 25 30 C-N ratio p>0.05 p>0.05 p>0.05 p>0.05 30% of full light intensity 0 5 10 Apr 02 July 02 Oct 02 Oct 03 Li MH et al. (in preparation) No defoliation effects on C-N ratios in trees within each site 0 5 Apr 02 July 02 Oct 02 Oct 03 Physiological responses in sink 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 ontents (% d.m.) Control R9% R27% R46% R71% NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS 0 2 4 6 Canopy Gap Canopy Gap Canopy Gap Canopy Gap Canopy Gap Canopy Gap Co N Protein Sugars Starch NSC C-N ratio NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS Li MH et al. (in preparation) No defoliation effects on parameters in stem wood at the end of the experiment (2 years after defoliation)