D0L:10.13374.issn1001-053x.2013.06.012 第35卷第6期 北京科技大学学报 Vol.35 No.6 2013年6月 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Jun.2013 泡沫铝及其三明治结构累积叠轧制备 王耀奇1,2)，任学平1)☒，侯红亮2) 1)北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院，北京1000832)北京航空制造工程研究所，北京100024 ☒通信作者，E-mail:rxp33@mater..ustb.edu.cn 摘要通过累积叠轧法制备泡沫铝.采用称重法研究泡沫铝孔隙结构，利用光学显微镜观察泡沫铝孔隙形貌.发现以 TH2为发泡介质，当发泡温度660~680℃和发泡时间6~l0min时，利用累积叠轧法制备泡沫铝的孔隙结构特性最好. 发泡温度和发泡时间的最佳值与发泡剂用量有关，TH2质量分数为1.5%，在670℃发泡8mi,泡沫铝的孔隙率可达到 42%,孔径为0.43mm.以制备的泡沫铝为夹芯，通过轧制复合制备了TC4钛合金/泡沫铝芯和1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢/泡 沫铝芯三明治板.利用光学显微镜和能谱仪研究了三明治板的界面.面板与芯板间的化合反应形成了界面的反应层，界 面实现了治金结合. 关键词层压复合材料：泡沫铝：钛合金：不锈钢：三明治结构：轧焊：轧制复合：氢化钛 分类号TB34 Preparation of aluminum foams and their sandwiches by accumula- tive roll-bonding WANG Yao-qi1),REN Xue-ping),HOU Hong-liang2) 1)School of Materials Science and Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China 2)Beijing Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Research Institute,Beijing 100024.China Corresponding author,E-mail:rxp33mater.ustb.edu.cn ABSTRACT Aluminum foams were prepared by accumulative roll-bonding (ARB).Their porosity and pore mor- phology were studied by weighing and optical microscopy,respectively.It is found that aluminum foams prepared by ARB with TiH2 powder as the blister have optimum performance within the foaming temperature of 660 to 680C and the foaming time of 6 to 10 min.The optimum values of foaming temperature and foaming time are relevant to blister content.With 1.5%TiH2 at 670 C for 8 min,the porosity and pore size of aluminum foams can reach 42%and 0.43 mm, respectively.Taking the aluminum foam by accumulative roll-bonding as the core,TC4 titanium alloy/aluminum foam and 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel/aluminum foam sandwiches were produced by roll cladding.The interface morphology of these sandwiches was investigated by optical microscopy and energy spectrum analysis.A conversion zone forms by combination reaction between the face plate and the core plate,leading to metallurgical bonding at the interface. KEY WORDS laminated composites;aluminum foams;titanium alloys;stainless steel;sandwich structures;roll bonding:roll cladding:titanium hydride 泡沫铝及其三明治结构具有轻质、高比强度和 大塑性变形细化材料晶粒组织的方法3，Kitazono 比刚度、良好的减震性等优点，既实现了结构材料 和Kamimura等【4-8】在累积叠轧焊技术的基础上， 的轻量化，又可以使材料具有隔热、隔声、减振等 提出的一种泡沫铝制备的新方法，该方法制备泡沫 功能特性，因而在航空、航天尤其是在汽车领域具 铝具有工艺简单、成本低、适用的基体材料广泛等 有广泛的应用前景-.累积叠轧焊是一种利用 优点，为泡沫铝高效、低成本制备提供了一条新的 收稿日期：2012-02-08 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50875249)第 35 卷 第 6 期 北 京 科 技 大 学 学 报 Vol. 35 No. 6 2013 年 6 月 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Jun. 2013 泡沫铝及其三明治结构累积叠轧制备 王耀奇1,2)，任学平1) ，侯红亮2) 1) 北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院，北京 100083 2) 北京航空制造工程研究所，北京 100024 通信作者，E-mail: rxp33@mater.ustb.edu.cn 摘 要 通过累积叠轧法制备泡沫铝. 采用称重法研究泡沫铝孔隙结构，利用光学显微镜观察泡沫铝孔隙形貌. 发现以 TiH2 为发泡介质，当发泡温度 660∼680 ℃和发泡时间 6∼10 min 时，利用累积叠轧法制备泡沫铝的孔隙结构特性最好. 发泡温度和发泡时间的最佳值与发泡剂用量有关，TiH2 质量分数为 1.5%，在 670 ℃发泡 8 min，泡沫铝的孔隙率可达到 42%，孔径为 0.43 mm. 以制备的泡沫铝为夹芯，通过轧制复合制备了 TC4 钛合金/泡沫铝芯和 1Cr18Ni9Ti 不锈钢/泡 沫铝芯三明治板. 利用光学显微镜和能谱仪研究了三明治板的界面. 面板与芯板间的化合反应形成了界面的反应层，界 面实现了冶金结合. 关键词 层压复合材料；泡沫铝；钛合金；不锈钢；三明治结构；轧焊；轧制复合；氢化钛 分类号 TB34 Preparation of aluminum foams and their sandwiches by accumula￾tive roll-bonding WANG Yao-qi 1,2), REN Xue-ping 1) , HOU Hong-liang 2) 1) School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China 2) Beijing Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Research Institute, Beijing 100024, China Corresponding author, E-mail: rxp33@mater.ustb.edu.cn ABSTRACT Aluminum foams were prepared by accumulative roll-bonding (ARB). Their porosity and pore mor￾phology were studied by weighing and optical microscopy, respectively. It is found that aluminum foams prepared by ARB with TiH2 powder as the blister have optimum performance within the foaming temperature of 660 to 680 ℃ and the foaming time of 6 to 10 min. The optimum values of foaming temperature and foaming time are relevant to blister content. With 1.5% TiH2 at 670 ℃ for 8 min, the porosity and pore size of aluminum foams can reach 42% and 0.43 mm, respectively. Taking the aluminum foam by accumulative roll-bonding as the core, TC4 titanium alloy/aluminum foam and 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel/aluminum foam sandwiches were produced by roll cladding. The interface morphology of these sandwiches was investigated by optical microscopy and energy spectrum analysis. A conversion zone forms by combination reaction between the face plate and the core plate, leading to metallurgical bonding at the interface. KEY WORDS laminated composites; aluminum foams; titanium alloys; stainless steel; sandwich structures; roll bonding; roll cladding; titanium hydride 泡沫铝及其三明治结构具有轻质、高比强度和 比刚度、良好的减震性等优点，既实现了结构材料 的轻量化，又可以使材料具有隔热、隔声、减振等 功能特性，因而在航空、航天尤其是在汽车领域具 有广泛的应用前景 [1−2] . 累积叠轧焊是一种利用 大塑性变形细化材料晶粒组织的方法 [3]，Kitazono 和 Kamimura 等 [4−8] 在累积叠轧焊技术的基础上， 提出的一种泡沫铝制备的新方法，该方法制备泡沫 铝具有工艺简单、成本低、适用的基体材料广泛等 优点，为泡沫铝高效、低成本制备提供了一条新的 收稿日期：2012–02–08 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目 (50875249) DOI:10.13374/j.issn1001-053x.2013.06.012