See Table C 1 in Appendix C for examples and associated causes of each of these production waste categories In general, these seven categories of waste have proven to be sufficient for dealing with efforts to convert production operations to "lean". When engaged in mapping the value stream of a product family, these categories of waste are the primary targets for elimination or reduction As efforts have been made to apply value stream mapping outside production operations, these seven categories have been found to be lacking. We will first consider how we may use these categories for categorizing wastes found in information systems then we will move to the enterprise level and explore additional categories of waste needed Seven Types of Information Waste Clearly, waste also occurs outside production operations. An important enterprise element in which significant waste can occur is the information system of the enterprise The seven types of information wastes discussed in this section to the seven types of manufacturing wastes for any environment where there is not physical product involved. The handling, exchange or transportation, and processing of information has some unique and some common characteristics with the handling, transportation, and processing of physical material Waiting Idle time due to unavailable informati Transportation (unnecessary movement): (In the case of information, this waste category is the same as Excess Processing, below Excess Processing: Processing information beyond requirements, e.g unneeded precision Inventory: Information that is unused or is"work in progress Unnecessary Motion: Any human movement necessitated by poor Information System design Defects: Any element of data, information or intelligence that is erroneous Overproduction: Producing and distributing more information to more people See Table C 2 in Appendix C for examples and associated causes of these information waste categories Enterprise Level Waste 10/20/200See Table C.1 in Appendix C for examples and associated causes of each of these production waste categories. In general, these seven categories of waste have proven to be sufficient for dealing with efforts to convert production operations to “lean”. When engaged in mapping the value stream of a product family, these categories of waste are the primary targets for elimination or reduction. As efforts have been made to apply value stream mapping outside production operations, these seven categories have been found to be lacking. We will first consider how we may use these categories for categorizing wastes found in information systems, then we will move to the enterprise level and explore additional categories of waste needed. Seven Types of Information Waste Clearly, waste also occurs outside production operations. An important enterprise element in which significant waste can occur is the information system of the enterprise. The seven types of information wastes discussed in this section are analogous to the seven types of manufacturing wastes for any environment where there is not a physical product involved. The handling, exchange or transportation, and processing of information has some unique and some common characteristics with the handling, transportation, and processing of physical material. • Waiting: Idle time due to unavailable information. • Transportation (unnecessary movement): (In the case of information, this waste category is the same as Excess Processing, below.) • Excess Processing: Processing information beyond requirements, e.g. unneeded precision. • Inventory: Information that is unused or is “work in progress”. • Unnecessary Motion: Any human movement necessitated by poor Information System design. • Defects: Any element of data, information or intelligence that is erroneous. • Overproduction: Producing and distributing more information to more people than is needed. See Table C.2 in Appendix C for examples and associated causes of these information waste categories. Enterprise Level Waste 10/20/2002 3