国生 Types of diluents 国生 Moistening agents 国生一Adhesives(Binders) 争Starch淀粉 角Sucro蓝额 Moistening agents are used to moisten the Be added either liquid or in dry form during 国Lactos乳糖 wet granulation to form granules or to promote ·Wad @Microcrystalline cellulose(MCC)微品纤雏素 tablets. Inorganic salts Mannitol and s0 rbitol甘露醇和山梨醇 Adhesives 国生三 Disintegrants 国生一Mechanism ofs Capillay action nd Added to tablet formulstions to 308. faclae disintegration Sweling 。CC-吸甲5纤重素销 落 ”5 ewhwat. ,C乙新杆m素 of the tablet when Hest of wetting 用PV伊豪淮围 contacts water. 一 Gas release PEG聚Z 多S正糖 都 t生Types of disintegrants ©生Disintergrants adding method 生Lubricants ●D叮rh干淀粉 Inragbe added during granultion 多CM心N甲淀粉钠 争Gida助液剂peomtof the tabletg2 nulation added after granulation ⊕L-HC低取代是丙基纤米素 Mixed mode07%ntragraeular ●CCNa文联投甲纤鉴素销 PVPP交联聚 die and poch. Effervescem disimegr2nt泡爵解剂 舍Die wall达ricant润清剂educes friction betwen the 多Surfctae表面话性剂 77 Shanghai Jiao Tong University Types of diluents Starch淀粉 Sucrose 蔗糖 Dextrin糊精 Lactose乳糖 Pregelatinized starch预胶化淀粉 Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)微晶纤维素 Inorganic salts Mannitol and sorbitol甘露醇和山梨醇 Shanghai Jiao Tong University Moistening agents Moistening agents are used to moisten the power and induce its stickiness. • Water • Alcohol Shanghai Jiao Tong University Adhesives (Binders) Be added either liquid or in dry form during wet granulation to form granules or to promote cohesive compact for directly compressed tablets. Shanghai Jiao Tong University Adhesives Starch paste 淀粉浆 Cellulose and its derivatives • MC甲基纤维素 • HPC羟丙基纤维素 • HPMC羟丙甲纤维素 • CMC-Na羧甲基纤维素钠 • EC乙基纤维素 PVP 聚维酮 Gelatin明胶 PEG聚乙二醇 Sucrose蔗糖 Shanghai Jiao Tong University Disintegrants Added to tablet formulations to facilitate disintegration of the tablet when it contacts water. Shanghai Jiao Tong University Mechanism of disintegrants Capillary action • Enhance the action of capillary forces in producing a rapid uptake of aqueous. Swelling • Swell on contact with water. Heat of wetting • The heat of wetting makes the entrapped air swell. Gas release • Effervescent salts are added to tablet to release gases to disrupt the tablet structure Shanghai Jiao Tong University Types of disintegrants Dry starch干淀粉 CMS-Na羧甲淀粉钠 L-HPC低取代羟丙基纤维素 CCNa交联羧甲纤维素钠 PVPP交联聚维酮 Effervescent disintegrants泡腾崩解剂 Surfactants表面活性剂 Shanghai Jiao Tong University Disintergrants adding method Intragranular: be added during granulation Extragranular: be added after granulation Mixed mode: 50~75% intragranular 25~50% extragranular Shanghai Jiao Tong University Lubricants Glidant助流剂 promotes flow of the tablet granulation by reducing friction between them. Antiadherent抗黏剂 reduces sticking of the tablet to the die and punch. Die wall lubricant润滑剂reduces friction between the tablet and the walls of the die cavity