5)表示情惑、愿组的动词,如 admire, appreciate,care, en joy,like,love,hate, detest, regret等。 He is loving his daughter very much. (ir) He loves his daughter very much. (IE) I'm regretting to say we cannot come. (i) I regret to say we cannot come. (IE) 3.时态的呼应 时态的呼应又称时态一致( Sequence of Tenses),指的是某些从句里的动词谓语时态 必须和主句里的时态保持一致 如果主句里的谓语动词是过去时态(过去时或过去完成时),那么从句的谓语动词 时态也相应地要用过去时。时态的呼应主要发生在间接引语和宾语从句中,但其他从句 有时也存在时态一致的问题。 - He explained that he had learned Chinese for many years.(现在完成时变为过去完成时) He said he had been collecting materials on that subject for a long time.(过去进行时变为过 去完成进行时) - He told me that they would have completed that project by the end of the year.(将来完成时 变为过去将来完成时) 虽然主句用了过去时等,如果从句表示的是科学真理、客观事实或某人(物)的经 常性特点时,其时态可以不必遵守时态呼应的规则而仍用一般现在时。 Galileo proved that the earth revolves round the sun --The teacher told the students that knowledge is power 如果从句中有一个表示绝对过去时间的状语,就不必把一般过去时变为过去完成时 --He said that he joined the Red Army in 1933 虚拟语气 1.表示现在/过去/将来情况的虚拟条件句 虚拟条件句主要有三种结构 1)表示与现在情况相反:主句谓语用“ would/ could/ might+动词原形”,从句谓语用“动 词的一般过去时”(动词be的过去式一律用were) If I were you, I would not accept his offer If I had time, I would certainly go to the cinema with you 2)表示与过去情况相反:主句谓语用“ would/ could/ might+have+过去分词”,从句谓语 用过去完成时。 If i had got up a little earlier, I wouldnt have missed the train If I had been more careful, I might have passed that exam 3)表示与将来情况相反:主句谓语用“woud/ could/ might+动词原形”,从句谓语用“were +动词不定式”或“ should+动词原形”。 If I were to do the job, I would not be able to have enough time to study5) 表示情感、愿望的动词，如 admire, appreciate, care, enjoy, like, love, hate, detest, regret 等。 He is loving his daughter very much. （误） He loves his daughter very much. （正） I’m regretting to say we cannot come. （误） I regret to say we cannot come. （正） 3. 时态的呼应 时态的呼应又称时态一致(Sequence of Tenses)，指的是某些从句里的动词谓语时态 必须和主句里的时态保持一致。 如果主句里的谓语动词是过去时态（过去时或过去完成时），那么从句的谓语动词 时态也相应地要用过去时。时态的呼应主要发生在间接引语和宾语从句中，但其他从句 有时也存在时态一致的问题。 --He explained that he had learned Chinese for many years.（现在完成时变为过去完成时） --He said he had been collecting materials on that subject for a long time.（过去进行时变为过 去完成进行时） --He told me that they would have completed that project by the end of the year.（将来完成时 变为过去将来完成时） 虽然主句用了过去时等，如果从句表示的是科学真理、客观事实或某人（物）的经 常性特点时，其时态可以不必遵守时态呼应的规则而仍用一般现在时。 --Galileo proved that the earth revolves round the sun. --The teacher told the students that knowledge is power. 如果从句中有一个表示绝对过去时间的状语，就不必把一般过去时变为过去完成时。 --He said that he joined the Red Army in 1933. 虚拟语气 1. 表示现在/过去/将来情况的虚拟条件句 虚拟条件句主要有三种结构： 1) 表示与现在情况相反：主句谓语用“would / could / might +动词原形”，从句谓语用“动 词的一般过去时”（动词 be 的过去式一律用 were）。 If I were you, I would not accept his offer. If I had time, I would certainly go to the cinema with you. 2) 表示与过去情况相反：主句谓语用“would / could / might + have +过去分词”，从句谓语 用过去完成时。 If I had got up a little earlier, I wouldn’t have missed the train. If I had been more careful, I might have passed that exam. 3) 表示与将来情况相反：主句谓语用“would / could / might +动词原形”，从句谓语用“were +动词不定式”或“should +动词原形”。 If I were to do the job, I would not be able to have enough time to study