manner,and of such materials, that will provide the necessary strength. The ship must also be able to function fficiently The various forces acting on a ship are constantly varying as to their degree and frequency. For simplicity however, they will be considered individually and the particular measures adopted to counter each type of force will be outlined. The forces may initially be classified as static and dynamic. Static forces are due to the S,vaying Pitching Fig. I Ship movement------the six degrees of freedom differences in weight and buoyancy which occur at various points along the length of the ship Dynamic forces result from the ship's motion in the action of the wind and waves. A ship is free to move with six degrees of freedom-three linear and three rotational. These motions are described by the terms shown in Figure. I These static and dynamic forces create longitudinal, transverse and local stresses in the ship's structure Longitudinal stresses are greatest in magnitude and result in bending of the ship along its length heir force Fig 2 Static loading of a ship's structuremanner, and of such materials, that will provide the necessary strength. The ship must also be able to function efficiently as a cargo-carrying vessel. The various forces acting on a ship are constantly varying as to their degree and frequency. For simplicity, however, they will be considered individually and the particular measures adopted to counter each type of force will be outlined. The forces may initially be classified as static and dynamic. Static forces are due to the Fig. 1 Ship movement------the six degrees of freedom differences in weight and buoyancy which occur at various points along the length of the ship. Dynamic forces result from the ship’s motion in the action of the wind and waves. A ship is free to move with six degrees of freedom—three linear and three rotational. These motions are described by the terms shown in Figure .1. These static and dynamic forces create longitudinal, transverse and local stresses in the ship’s structure. Longitudinal stresses are greatest in magnitude and result in bending of the ship along its length. Fig. 2 Static loading of a ship’s structure