问题的认识(Problem Definition) Objectives Tools ·Personal Experience ·Market Research -Form the design team ·Analogies ·Reverse Engineering -Identify all stakeholders ·Customer Interviews ·Case Studies ·Expert Interviews ●Patent Search -Research and understand user ·Stakeholder ·Web Search -Research and understand the Interviews ·Library Search environment ·User studies ●Benchmarking ·Semantic Inquiry ·Catalogues -Research and understand the ·QFD ·Magazines product domain Shanghai Jiao Tong University 13 形成概念 (Divergence) Objectives Tools ·Formal ·Checklists Generate many concepts Brainstorming ·Design Catalogues ● Morphological Avoid details ·Functional Analysis Decomposition -Raise issues that require Sketching ·Physical Process better specification Synthesis Diagrams 。Wishful Thinking ·Analogies -Suppress judgement Mind Mapping ·Iteration Shanghai Jiao Tong University 14Shanghai Jiao Tong University 13 Objectives Tools – Form the design team – Identify all stakeholders – Research and understand user – Research and understand the environment – Research and understand the product domain • Personal Experience • Analogies • Customer Interviews • Expert Interviews • Stakeholder Interviews • User studies • Semantic Inquiry • QFD • Market Research • Reverse Engineering • Case Studies • Patent Search • Web Search • Library Search • Benchmarking • Catalogues • Magazines 问题的认识（Problem Definition） Shanghai Jiao Tong University 14 形成概念（Divergence） Objectives Tools – Generate many concepts – Avoid details – Raise issues that require better specification – Suppress judgement • Formal Brainstorming • Morphological Analysis • Sketching • Synthesis • Wishful Thinking • Mind Mapping • Checklists • Design Catalogues • Functional Decomposition • Physical Process Diagrams • Analogies • Iteration