深海火山是热液生态系统的能量来源 Chemolithoautotrophic Sulfur Oxidizer O2NO Ambient Seawater,2°C + ADP+P with Oxygen Sulfate H5,s,0,2 ATPH.O 350°C ICHO1+502,59 CO,HCO +H.O/N, Black smoker Above seafloor Dominant microorganisms-Gammaand epsaon (Free-tving eplblonts endosymblont Oxygen← mo吧og。g. oneC,to mlcre-oe Dominant microorganismeGamma-and epallon proteobacteri crenarchaeota? tninsiant oeganisms Extrusives ohic metabolismsHS/5 and H oxdation with O or NO porosity up to30% Thermophilic Zone4-C,micro-oxic to anoxic Dominant microorganismsEpslon-proteobacteria,Aquincoles Desulfurobocteroccae methanogenic archaea Dominant autotruphic metabolisms:HS/s and Hoaldation with O oro H coupled to 5o.and s0 reduction. Dominant CO pathways Reductive TCA cycle,reductive acetyl-CoA pathway Sulfate← yperthermophilic Zone一80°-125C(150°C7i,anoxic Dominant microorganisms:Desuurobocterioceoe meshanogenic archaea Thermococcales crenarchaeotal Magnesium← Dominant autotn ophic metabolisme Methonogenesis,5 reduction acetogenesis? Dominant CO pathways Reductive TCA cycle reductive acetyl-CoA? Sodium,Calcium, Potassium Copper,Zinc Sheeted Dikes Iron Sulfur Heat source(magma) porosity <10% With input from Jannasch and Mottl,1985;Jannasch,1995;Huber et al.,2003;Tivey,2004;Wirsen,2004 Sievert et al.,2008深海火山是热液生态系统的能量来源 With input from Jannasch and Mottl, 1985; Jannasch, 1995; Huber et al., 2003; Tivey, 2004; Wirsen, 2004 Sievert et al., 2008