工程科学学报，第41卷，第4期：427-435,2019年4月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.41,No.4:427-435,April 2019 DOI:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.04.002:http://journals.ustb.edu.cn 基于动力学监测指标的崩塌早期预警研究进展 杜岩2)，谢漠文)区，蒋宇静23)，刘卫南”，刘日成2》，刘秋强) 1)北京科技大学城市地下空间工程北京市重点实验室，北京1000832)长崎大学工学研究科，长崎8528521 3)山东科技大学矿山灾害预防控制省部共建国家重点实验室培有基地，青岛2665904)中国地质环境监测院，北京100081 ☒通信作者，E-mail:mowenxie@usth.cu.cn 摘要崩塌灾害的早期预警一直是岩土工程领域研究的热点问题之一·传统的监测预警方法监测指标相对单一，更多关注 于加速破坏前兆的识别，使得崩塌的早期预警存在诸多困难.本文首先引入动力学监测指标，对岩土体破坏过程中的动力响 应进行综述，得出基于固有振动频率等动力学监测指标可以为危岩体的损伤提供数据支持.随后基于最新的实验研究发现动 力学监测指标可以有效反应边坡的物理力学特征的变化，进而可以实现岩体损伤与稳定性的动态识别和定量判断.在对国内 外现状进行综述发现，基于分离阶段破坏前兆识别的岩块体崩塌灾害预警思路，具有更好的时效性，是未来崩塌早期预警的 发展方向，同时对崩塌的早期预警指标体系进行展望，得出基于动力学指标、静力学指标和环境量指标三位一体的早期监测 预警指标体系，必将在工程监测与灾害预警方面发挥更大潜力，为从事应对崩塌等脆性破坏灾害预警预防的研究工作者提供 有效参考. 关键词崩塌：早期预警：动力学监测指标：分离破坏前兆：监测预警体系 分类号TG142.71 Research progress on dynamic monitoring index for early warning of rock collapse DU Yan'2,XIE Mo-en,JIANG Yujing,LIU Wei-nan,LIU Ri-cheng?,LIU Qiu-giang 1)Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Underground Space Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China 2)Graduate School of Engineering,Nagasaki University,Nagasaki 852-8521,Japan 3)State Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,China 4)China Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring,Beijing 100081,China Corresponding author,E-mail:mowenxie@ustb.edu.cn ABSTRACT Early warning of rock collapse is one of the hot issues in the field of geotechnical engineering.The traditional monito- ring and early warning methods of monitoring indicators are relatively uniform,with more attention being paid to the identification of ac- celerated damage precursors,which means that the early warning of collapse disasters has many inherent difficulties.In fact,rock- block collapse is caused by the dynamic failure of system instability,so it can be more effective to apply kinetic monitoring indicators to realize more scientific early warnings.In this paper,dynamic monitoring indexes were introduced to summarize the dynamic responses of rock and soil failure processes.A dynamic monitoring index based on natural vibration frequency can provide data for detecting dam- age in a dangerous rock mass.Based on the latest experimental research,it is concluded that the dynamic monitoring index can effec- tively reflect changes in physical and mechanical characteristics,and thus,can be used to dynamically and quantitatively analyze the damage and stability of a rock mass.A review of the literature on the current development of this field in China and abroad indicates that the early warning method of rock mass collapse disaster based on precursor failure identification in the detachment phase has better timeliness and will also to prove be more useful in future.Meanwhile,the development of an early warning index system of collapse is 收稿日期：2018-09-05 基金项目：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018Y℉E0101100):国家自然科学基金资助项目(41702371,41572274)：中国博士后科学基金资助项 目(2016M591078):中央高校基本科研业务资助项目(FRF-TP-16014A1)工程科学学报，第 41 卷，第 4 期: 427--435，2019 年 4 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering，Vol． 41，No． 4: 427--435，April 2019 DOI: 10． 13374 /j． issn2095--9389． 2019． 04． 002; http: / /journals． ustb． edu． cn 基于动力学监测指标的崩塌早期预警研究进展 杜 岩1，2) ，谢谟文1) ，蒋宇静2，3) ，刘卫南1) ，刘日成2) ，刘秋强4) 1) 北京科技大学城市地下空间工程北京市重点实验室，北京 100083 2) 长崎大学工学研究科，长崎 852--8521 3) 山东科技大学矿山灾害预防控制省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地，青岛 266590 4) 中国地质环境监测院，北京 100081 通信作者，E-mail: mowenxie@ ustb． edu． cn 摘 要 崩塌灾害的早期预警一直是岩土工程领域研究的热点问题之一． 传统的监测预警方法监测指标相对单一，更多关注 于加速破坏前兆的识别，使得崩塌的早期预警存在诸多困难． 本文首先引入动力学监测指标，对岩土体破坏过程中的动力响 应进行综述，得出基于固有振动频率等动力学监测指标可以为危岩体的损伤提供数据支持． 随后基于最新的实验研究发现动 力学监测指标可以有效反应边坡的物理力学特征的变化，进而可以实现岩体损伤与稳定性的动态识别和定量判断． 在对国内 外现状进行综述发现，基于分离阶段破坏前兆识别的岩块体崩塌灾害预警思路，具有更好的时效性，是未来崩塌早期预警的 发展方向，同时对崩塌的早期预警指标体系进行展望，得出基于动力学指标、静力学指标和环境量指标三位一体的早期监测 预警指标体系，必将在工程监测与灾害预警方面发挥更大潜力，为从事应对崩塌等脆性破坏灾害预警预防的研究工作者提供 有效参考． 关键词 崩塌; 早期预警; 动力学监测指标; 分离破坏前兆; 监测预警体系 分类号 TG142. 71 收稿日期: 2018--09--05 基金项目: 国家重点研发计划资助项目( 2018YFE0101100) ; 国家自然科学基金资助项目( 41702371，41572274) ; 中国博士后科学基金资助项 目( 2016M591078) ; 中央高校基本科研业务资助项目( FＲF--TP--16--014A1) Ｒesearch progress on dynamic monitoring index for early warning of rock collapse DU Yan1，2) ，XIE Mo-wen1)  ，JIANG Yu-jing2，3) ，LIU Wei-nan1) ，LIU Ｒi-cheng2) ，LIU Qiu-qiang4) 1) Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Underground Space Engineering，University of Science and Technology Beijing，Beijing 100083，China 2) Graduate School of Engineering，Nagasaki University，Nagasaki 852-8521，Japan 3) State Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control，Shandong University of Science and Technology，Qingdao 266590，China 4) China Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring，Beijing 100081，China Corresponding author，E-mail: mowenxie@ ustb． edu． cn ABSTＲACT Early warning of rock collapse is one of the hot issues in the field of geotechnical engineering． The traditional monito￾ring and early warning methods of monitoring indicators are relatively uniform，with more attention being paid to the identification of ac￾celerated damage precursors，which means that the early warning of collapse disasters has many inherent difficulties． In fact，rock￾block collapse is caused by the dynamic failure of system instability，so it can be more effective to apply kinetic monitoring indicators to realize more scientific early warnings． In this paper，dynamic monitoring indexes were introduced to summarize the dynamic responses of rock and soil failure processes． A dynamic monitoring index based on natural vibration frequency can provide data for detecting dam￾age in a dangerous rock mass． Based on the latest experimental research，it is concluded that the dynamic monitoring index can effec￾tively reflect changes in physical and mechanical characteristics，and thus，can be used to dynamically and quantitatively analyze the damage and stability of a rock mass． A review of the literature on the current development of this field in China and abroad indicates that the early warning method of rock mass collapse disaster based on precursor failure identification in the detachment phase has better timeliness and will also to prove be more useful in future． Meanwhile，the development of an early warning index system of collapse is