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to the Mas￾ter． Beijing: China Water Power Press，2010 ( 李日． 铸造工艺仿真 ProCAST 从入门到精通． 北京: 中国水 利水电出版社，2010) ［10］ Bennon W D，Incropera F P． A continuum model for momentum， heat and species transport in binary solid-liquid phase change sys￾tems: Ⅰ． Model formulation． Int J Heat Mass Transfer，1987， 30( 10) : 2161 ［11］ Launder B E，Sharma B I ． Application of the energy-dissipation model of turbulence to the calculation of flow near a spinning disc． Lett Heat Mass Transfer，1974，1( 2) : 131 ［12］ Fjr H G，Mortensen D，Hakonsen A，et al． Coupled stress， thermal and fluid flow modelling of the start-up phase of alumin￾ium sheet ingot casting / / Light Metals 1999． Warrendale: The Minerals，Metals ＆ Materials Society ( TMS) ，1999: 743 ［13］ Shyy W，Pang Y，Hunter G B，et al． Effect of turbulent heat transfer on continuous ingot solidification． J Eng Mater Technol， 1993，115: 8 ［14］ Ghosh S． Finite element simulation of some extrusion processes using arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian description． J Mater Shaping Technol，1990，8( 1) : 53 ［15］ Chorin A J． Numerical solution of the Navier--Stokes equations． Math Comput，1968，22( 104) : 745 ［16］ Zhu J，Sethian J． Projection methods coupled to level set inter￾face techniques． J Comput Phys，1992，102( 1) : 128 ［17］ Perot J B． An analysis of the fractional step method． J Comput Phys，1993，108( 1) : 51 ［18］ Donea J ． Generalized Galerkin methods for convection dominated transport phenomena． Appl Mech Ｒev，1991，44: 205 ［19］ Brooks N，Hughes J Ｒ． Streamline upwind /Petrov--Galerkin for￾mulations for convection dominated flows with particular emphasis on the incompressible Navier--Stokes equations． Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng，1982，32( 1) : 199 ［20］ Zienkiewicz O C，Taylor Ｒ L． The finite element method， McGraw-Hill Comp，1991，2 : 320 ［21］ Kershaw D S． The incomplete Cholesky-- Conjugate gradient method for the iterative solution of systems of linear equations． J Comp Phys，1978，26( 1) : 43 ［22］ Amiez G，Gremaud P A． On a numerical approach to Stefan-like problems． Numer Math，1991，59( 1) : 71 · 2461 ·