The Case for Free Trade Table 9-1: Estimated Cost of Protection. as a Percentage of National Income Brazil(1966) 9.5 Turkey(1978) 5.4 Philippines (1978) 5.4 United States(1983) 0.26 Sources: Brazil: Bela Balassa, The Structure of protection in Developing Countries Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press, 1971); Turkey and Philippines, World Bank, The World Development Report 1987(Washington: World Bank, 1987); United States David G. Tarr and Morris E. Morkre, Aggregate Costs to the United states of Tariffs and quotas on Imports(Washington D. C. Federal Trade Commission, 1984) Copyright C 2003 Pearson Education, Inc Slide 9-7Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 9-7 The Case for Free Trade Table 9-1: Estimated Cost of Protection, as a Percentage of National Income